{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:31:27Z","timestamp":1787772687965,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry of the Adam Mickiewicz University","award":["054\/12\/SN\u015a.0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["054\/12\/SN\u015a.0011"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Biology of the Adam Mickiewicz University","award":["054\/12\/SN\u015a.0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["054\/12\/SN\u015a.0011"]}]},{"name":"ID-UB 054","award":["054\/12\/SN\u015a.0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["054\/12\/SN\u015a.0011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ability of the indole\u2013imidazole hybrid ligands to coordinate with the Zn(II) ion and the resulting structures of this new class of coordination compounds were analyzed in order to determine their structural properties and biological functionalities. For this purpose, six novel Zn(II) complexes, [Zn(InIm)2Cl2] (1), [Zn(InMeIm)2Cl2] (2), [Zn(IniPrIm)2Cl2] (3), [Zn(InEtMeIm)2Cl2] (4), [Zn(InPhIm)2Cl2] (5) and [Zn2(InBzIm)2Cl2] (6) (where InIm is 3-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-indole), were synthesized by the reactions of ZnCl2 and the corresponding ligand in a 1:2 molar ratio in methanol solvent at an ambient temperature. The structural and spectral characterization of these complexes was performed using NMR, FT\u2013IR and ESI\u2013MS spectrometry and elemental analysis, and the crystal structures of 1\u20135 were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1\u20135 form polar supramolecular aggregates by utilizing, for this purpose, the N-H(indole)\u2219\u2219\u2219Cl(chloride) intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The assemblies thus formed differ depending on the distinctive molecular shape, which can be either compact or extended. All complexes were screened for their hemolytic, cytoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. The results show that the cytoprotective activity of the indole\/imidazole ligand significantly increases upon its complexation with ZnCl2 up to a value comparable with the standard antioxidant Trolox, while the response of its substituted analogues is diverse and less pronounced.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28104132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T01:58:06Z","timestamp":1684288686000},"page":"4132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Synthesis, Structure and Biological Activity of Indole\u2013Imidazole Complexes with ZnCl2: Can Coordination Enhance the Functionality of Bioactive Ligands?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Karolina","family":"Babijczuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 8, 61-614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3872-631X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"War\u017cajtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 8, 61-614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Starzyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, University of Life Science, Szyd\u0142owska 50, 60-656 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4425-5596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucyna","family":"Mr\u00f3wczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 6, 61-614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6741-473X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Jasiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 8, 61-614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urszula","family":"Rychlewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 8, 61-614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ert080","article-title":"Auxin Biosynthesis and Storage Forms","volume":"64","author":"Korasick","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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