{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T19:26:03Z","timestamp":1789068363598,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key R&amp;D Program","award":["2022B111108004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B111108004"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key R&amp;D Program","award":["2021GDKLPRB-K02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GDKLPRB-K02"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key R&amp;D Program","award":["2022JBZP003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JBZP003"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery","award":["2022B111108004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B111108004"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery","award":["2021GDKLPRB-K02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GDKLPRB-K02"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery","award":["2022JBZP003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JBZP003"]}]},{"name":"Jining City Key R&amp;D Program","award":["2022B111108004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B111108004"]}]},{"name":"Jining City Key R&amp;D Program","award":["2021GDKLPRB-K02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021GDKLPRB-K02"]}]},{"name":"Jining City Key R&amp;D Program","award":["2022JBZP003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JBZP003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polylactide (PLA) has become a popular alternative for petroleum-based plastics to reduce environmental pollution. The broader application of PLA is hampered by its brittle nature and incompatibility with the reinforcement phase. The aim of our work was to improve the ductility and compatibility of PLA composite film and investigate the mechanism by which nanocellulose enhances PLA polymer. Here, we present a robust PLA\/nanocellulose hybrid film. Two different allomorphic cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-I and CNC-III) and their acetylated products (ACNC-I and ACNC-III) were used to realize better compatibility and mechanical performance in a hydrophobic PLA matrix. The tensile stress of the composite films with 3% ACNC-I and ACNC-III increased by 41.55% and 27.22% compared to pure PLA film, respectively. Compared to the CNC-I or CNC-III enhanced PLA composite films, the tensile stress of the films increased by 45.05% with 1% ACNC-I and 56.15% with 1% ACNC-III. In addition, PLA composite films with ACNCs showed better ductility and compatibility because the composite fracture gradually transitioned to a ductile fracture during the stretching process. As a result, ACNC-I and ACNC-III were found to be excellent reinforcing agents for the enhancement of the properties of polylactide composite film, and the replacement some petrochemical plastics with PLA composites would be very promising in actual life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28124667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T08:37:33Z","timestamp":1686299853000},"page":"4667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of Acetylation of Two Cellulose Nanocrystal Polymorphs on Processibility and Physical Properties of Polylactide\/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Film"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Fiber Materials Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8242-6184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Fiber Materials Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3672-613X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Fiber Materials Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Fiber Materials Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1596-8773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiyun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Fiber Materials Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8114-7236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Fiber Materials Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangdong","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Sun Paper Industry Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Jining 272100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao6711","article-title":"The promise of plastics from plants Plant-derived feedstocks are increasingly competitive in plastics production","volume":"358","author":"Hillmyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00396-013-3081-z","article-title":"Influence of chain structure on crystal polymorphism of poly(lactic acid). 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