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This disease affects 200 million people living in risk areas around the world. The control of schistosomiasis is realized by chemotherapy, wastewater sanitation, health education, and mollusk control using molluscicidal agents. This work evaluates the effects of a nanoemulsion containing essential oil from Myrciaria floribunda leaves as a molluscicidal and cercaricidal agent against Biomphalaria glabrata mollusks and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. The Myrciaria floribunda essential oil from leaves showed nerolidol, \u03b2-selinene, 1,8 cineol, and zonarene as major constituents. The formulation study suggested the F3 formulation as the most promising nanoemulsion with polysorbate 20 and sorbitan monooleate 80 (4:1) with 5% (w\/w) essential oil as it showed a smaller droplet size of approximately 100 nm with a PDI lower than 0.3 and prominent bluish reflection. Furthermore, this nanoemulsion showed stability after 200 days under refrigeration. The Myrciaria floribunda nanoemulsion showed LC50 values of 48.11 \u00b5g\/mL, 29.66 \u00b5g\/mL, and 47.02 \u00b5g\/mL in Biomphalaria glabrata embryos, juveniles, and adult mollusks, respectively, after 48 h and 83.88 \u00b5g\/mL for Schistosoma mansoni cercariae after 2 h. In addition, a survival of 80% was observed in Danio rerio, and the in silico toxicity assay showed lower overall human toxicity potential to the major compounds in the essential oil compared to the reference molluscicide niclosamide. These results suggest that the nanoemulsion of Myrciaria\u00a0floribunda leaves may be a promising alternative for schistosomiasis control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28165944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T12:45:53Z","timestamp":1691498753000},"page":"5944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Molluscicidal and Cercaricidal Effects of Myrciaria floribunda Essential Oil Nanoemulsion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5332-9972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Paiva","family":"Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais (LTPN), Departamento de Tecnologia Farmac\u00eautica, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua, Mario Viana, 523, Santa Rosa, Niter\u00f3i 24241-000, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biotecnologia Vegetal e Bioprocessos (PBV), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2359-5767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Folly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais (LTPN), Departamento de Tecnologia Farmac\u00eautica, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua, Mario Viana, 523, Santa Rosa, Niter\u00f3i 24241-000, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biotecnologia Vegetal e Bioprocessos (PBV), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6611-6722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Esteves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais (LTPN), Departamento de Tecnologia Farmac\u00eautica, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua, Mario Viana, 523, Santa Rosa, Niter\u00f3i 24241-000, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biotecnologia Vegetal e Bioprocessos (PBV), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina Monika","family":"Ruppelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Tecnologia de Produtos Naturais (LTPN), Departamento de Tecnologia Farmac\u00eautica, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua, Mario Viana, 523, Santa Rosa, 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dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o e Promo\u00e7\u00e3o da Sa\u00fade Ambiental (LAPSA), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0330-992X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo da Silva","family":"Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o e Promo\u00e7\u00e3o da Sa\u00fade Ambiental (LAPSA), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias e Biotecnologia (PPBI), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter\u00f3i 24241-000, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0680-4566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo 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