{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:22:35Z","timestamp":1790310155382,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plants with medicinal benefits are a crucial source of compounds for developing drugs. This study was designed to determine the chemical composition, antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anti-enzymatic activities of Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC. We also reported the molecular interaction between identified molecules and several receptors associated with antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. A total of seventeen and thirteen compounds were identified in aqueous and methanolic extracts of P. incisa, respectively. The methanolic extract yielded a higher total content of polyphenols and flavonoids of about 84.80 \u00b1 2.8 mg GAE\/g and 28.30 \u00b1 1.2 mg QE\/g, respectively. Significant antibacterial activity was recorded for both extracts, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 30 to 36 \u00b5g\/mL, and the result was comparable to the reference antibiotic control. Antibiofilm assays revealed that both extracts were able to reduce the attachment of bacterial cells to 96-well plates, but the highest antibiofilm activity was recorded against Staphylococcus aureus. The methanolic extract also showed anti-enzymatic potency and high antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by all assays used, including DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS. These results were further validated by in silico approaches, particularly the molecular interaction of the identified compounds with the targeted receptors. These findings present P. incisa as a significant source of antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anti-enzymatic molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28217439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T07:35:06Z","timestamp":1699169706000},"page":"7439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC. as a Potential Source of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-Enzymatic Bioactive Molecules: Phytochemical Constituents, In Vitro and In Silico Pharmacological Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3763-9698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mousa","family":"Alreshidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha\u2019il, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9715-6698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Abdulhakeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha\u2019il, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9054-7744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riadh","family":"Badraoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha\u2019il, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1352-3102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Caputo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9948-0862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"De Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5759-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filomena","family":"Nazzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, 83100 Avellino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5368-570X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florinda","family":"Fratianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, 83100 Avellino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Formisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1070-3207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"De Feo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2309-2601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mejdi","family":"Snoussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha\u2019il, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddad, BP74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3109\/13880208709088136","article-title":"Aromatic Plants of Saudi Arabia-Part 8- GC\/MS Analysis of Essential Oils of Pulicaria arabica and P. undulata","volume":"25","author":"Mossa","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int. 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