{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T08:51:48Z","timestamp":1787907108649,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["22168017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22168017"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["220QN251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220QN251"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["222CXTD513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222CXTD513"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["BWPU2022KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BWPU2022KF01"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["SHJKFKT202205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHJKFKT202205"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["22168017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22168017"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["220QN251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220QN251"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["222CXTD513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222CXTD513"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["BWPU2022KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BWPU2022KF01"]}]},{"name":"Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["SHJKFKT202205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHJKFKT202205"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education","award":["22168017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22168017"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education","award":["220QN251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220QN251"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education","award":["222CXTD513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222CXTD513"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education","award":["BWPU2022KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BWPU2022KF01"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education","award":["SHJKFKT202205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHJKFKT202205"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province","award":["22168017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22168017"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province","award":["220QN251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220QN251"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province","award":["222CXTD513"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222CXTD513"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province","award":["BWPU2022KF01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BWPU2022KF01"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province","award":["SHJKFKT202205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHJKFKT202205"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The double-layer PVDF-PVC (D-PP\/PP) super-hydrophobic composite membrane was prepared by the coating immersion phase separation method to enhance the mechanical properties of the composite membrane. The D-PP\/PP super-hydrophobic membrane was prepared using the casting solution concentration of 12 wt% PVDF-PVC composite membrane as basement and 4% casting of PVDF-PVC coating. The contact angle of the D-PP\/PP membrane was 150.4 \u00b1 0.3\u00b0, and the scanning electron microscope showed that the surface of the D-PP\/PP membrane was covered by a cross-linked micro\u2013nano microsphere. The mechanical properties showed that the maximum tensile force of the D-PP\/PP composite membrane was 2.34 N, which was 19.4% higher than that of PVDF-PVC (1.96 N). Nano-graphite was added to the coating layer in the experiment. The prepared double-layer PVDF-PVC-nano-graphite\/PVDF-PVC (D-PPG\/PP) composite membrane reached 153.7 \u00b1 0.5\u00b0, the contact angle increasing by 3.3\u00b0. The SEM comparison showed that the D-PPG\/PP composite membrane had a more obvious micro\u2013nano level microsphere layer. The mechanical properties are also superior. By preparing the D-PP\/PP membrane, the mechanical properties of the membrane were improved, and the super-hydrophobic property of the coating was also obtained. At the same time, it was found that adding nano-graphite to the coating layer can better improve the hydrophobic, mechanical, and self-cleaning properties of the D-PP\/PP composite membrane.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28237821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T07:41:32Z","timestamp":1701157292000},"page":"7821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Preparation and Self-Cleaning Performance of High-Strength Double-Layer PVDF-PVC-Nano-Graphite\/PVDF-PVC Super-Hydrophobic Composite Membrane"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0618-1685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dashuai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Biomembrane Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Ma\u2019anshan 243032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shishu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linhua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaifeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2009.06.008","article-title":"Study on the multifunction of ferrous chloride in the formation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes","volume":"341","author":"Ma","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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