{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:37:36Z","timestamp":1793302656770,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)","award":["SLYJ2023B4001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLYJ2023B4001"]}]},{"name":"2023 Special Fund for Natural Resource Affairs (Ecological Forestry Construction)","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"2023 Special Fund for Natural Resource Affairs (Ecological Forestry Construction)","award":["SLYJ2023B4001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLYJ2023B4001"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation","award":["GML2021GD0807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GML2021GD0807"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen New Cornerstone Science Foundation","award":["SLYJ2023B4001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLYJ2023B4001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spiders (Araneae), having thrived for over 300 million years, exhibit remarkable diversity, with 47,000 described species and an estimated 150,000 species in existence. Evolving with intricate venom, spiders are nature\u2019s skilled predators. While only a small fraction of spiders pose a threat to humans, their venoms contain complex compounds, holding promise as drug leads. Spider venoms primarily serve to immobilize prey, achieved through neurotoxins targeting ion channels. Peptides constitute a major part of these venoms, displaying diverse pharmacological activities, and making them appealing for drug development. Moreover, spider-venom peptides have emerged as valuable tools for exploring human disease mechanisms. This review focuses on the roles of spider-venom peptides in spider survival strategies and their dual significance as pharmaceutical research tools. By integrating recent discoveries, it provides a comprehensive overview of these peptides, their targets, bioactivities, and their relevance in spider survival and medical research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29010035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T07:20:31Z","timestamp":1703056831000},"page":"35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Spider-Venom Peptides: Structure, Bioactivity, Strategy, and Research Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ruiyin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital), Kunming 650118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8124-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaochi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-2336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming-Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.53.103106.093503","article-title":"Medical aspects of spider bites","volume":"53","author":"Vetter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. 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