{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T23:21:33Z","timestamp":1789687293934,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Daegu Catholic University Medical Center","award":["RD-20-0013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD-20-0013"]}]},{"name":"Daegu Catholic University Medical Center","award":["RD-21-0027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD-21-0027"]}]},{"name":"Daegu Catholic University Medical Center","award":["RD-22-0046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD-22-0046"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Liver damage caused by various factors results in fibrosis and inflammation, leading to cirrhosis and cancer. Fibrosis results in the accumulation of extracellular matrix components. The role of STAT proteins in mediating liver inflammation and fibrosis has been well documented; however, approved therapies targeting STAT3 inhibition against liver disease are lacking. This study investigated the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of STAT3 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) in hepatocytes and liver fibrosis mouse models. STAT3 decoy ODN were delivered into cells using liposomes and hydrodynamic tail vein injection into 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-fed mice in which liver injury was induced. STAT3 target gene expression changes were verified using qPCR and Western blotting. Liver tissue fibrosis and bile duct proliferation were assessed in animal experiments using staining techniques, and macrophage and inflammatory cytokine distribution was verified using immunohistochemistry. STAT3 decoy ODN reduced fibrosis and inflammatory factors in liver cancer cell lines and DDC-induced liver injury mouse model. These results suggest that STAT3 decoy ODN may effectively treat liver fibrosis and must be clinically investigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29030593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T08:44:07Z","timestamp":1706172247000},"page":"593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["STAT3 Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotides Suppress Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis in Liver Cancer Cells and a DDC-Induced Liver Injury Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9483-6716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Jin","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7850-5509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Ah","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Clinical Laboratories of Daegu, Daegu 41238, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7756-4857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junghwa","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5317-750X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwan-Kyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8552-6049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sun-Jae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4318-4570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byung Seok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-En","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0133-9017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joo Dong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-1599-ROHC","article-title":"Regression of human cirrhosis: Morphologic features and the genesis of incomplete septal cirrhosis","volume":"124","author":"Wanless","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. 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