{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:39:56Z","timestamp":1793039996015,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["CHE-2019074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CHE-2019074"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research is an exploratory study on the sesquiterpenes and flavonoid present in the leaves of Artemisia tridentata subsp. tridentata. The leaf foliage was extracted with 100% chloroform. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis of the crude extract showed four bands. Each band was purified by column chromatography followed by recrystallization. Three sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) were isolated\u2014leucodin, matricarin and desacetylmatricarin. Of these, desacetylmatricarin was the major component. In addition, a highly bio-active flavonoid, quercetagetin 3,6,4\u2032-trimethyl ether (QTE), was also isolated. This is the first report on the isolation of this component from the leaves of Artemisia tridentata subsp. tridentata. All the components were identified and isolated by TLC, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Likewise, the structure and stereochemistry of the purified components were characterized by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. The antioxidant activities of crude extract were analyzed, and their radical-scavenging ability was determined by Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The crude extract showed antioxidant activity of 18.99 \u00b1 0.51 and 11.59 \u00b1 0.38 \u00b5mol TEg\u22121 FW for FRAP and DPPH assay, respectively, whereas the activities of matricarin, leucodin, desacetylmatricarin and QTE were 13.22, 13.03, 14.90 and 15.02 \u00b5mol TEg\u22121 FW, respectively, for the FRAP assay. The antitumor properties were probed by submitting the four isolated compounds to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for NCI-60 cancer cell line screening. Overall, the results of the one-dose assay for each SL were unremarkable. However, the flavonoid\u2019s one-dose mean graph demonstrated significant growth inhibition and lethality, which prompted an evaluation of this compound against the 60-cell panel at a five-dose assay. Tests from two separate dates indicate a lethality of approximately 75% and 98% at the log\u22124 concentration when tested against the melanoma cancer line SK-Mel 5. This warrants further testing and derivatization of the bioactive components from sagebrush as a potential source for anticancer properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29040802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T09:04:01Z","timestamp":1707469441000},"page":"802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sesquiterpene Lactones and Flavonoid from the Leaves of Basin Big Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata subsp. tridentata): Isolation, Characterization and Biological Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Anibogwu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl De","family":"Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3934-9248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samjhana","family":"Pradhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanae Van","family":"Leuven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2796-9896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kavita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA"},{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Boyle, S.A., and Reeder, D.R. 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