{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T04:30:43Z","timestamp":1780547443231,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012046","name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T\u0110DIOX.01\/22-24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T\u0110DIOX.01\/22-24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This first study investigated the presence of dioxins and furans in river sediments around a craft village in Vietnam, focusing on Secondary Steel Recycling. Sediment samples were collected from various locations along the riverbed near the Da Hoi Secondary Steel Recycling village in Bac Ninh province. The analysis was conducted using a HRGC\/HRMS-DFS device, detecting a total of 17 dioxin\/furan isomers in all samples, with an average total concentration of 288.86 ng\/kg d.w. The concentrations of dioxin\/furan congeners showed minimal variation among sediment samples, ranging from 253.9 to 344.2 ng\/kg d.w. The predominant compounds in the dioxin group were OCDD, while in the furan group, they were 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF and OCDF. The chlorine content in the molecule appeared to be closely related to the concentration of dioxins and their percentage distribution. However, the levels of furan isomers did not vary significantly. The distribution of these compounds was not dependent on the flow direction, as they were mainly found in solid waste and are not water-soluble. Although the hepta and octa congeners had high concentrations, when converted to TEQ values, the tetra and penta groups (for dioxins) and the penta and hexa groups (for furans) contributed more to toxicity. Furthermore, the source of dioxins in sediments at Da Hoi does not only originate from steel recycling production activities but also from other combustion sites. The average total toxicity was 10.92 ng TEQ\/kg d.w, ranging from 4.99 to 17.88 ng TEQ\/kg d.w, which did not exceed the threshold specified in QCVN 43:2017\/BTNMT, the National Technical Regulation on Sediment Quality. Nonetheless, these levels are still concerning. The presence of these toxic substances not only impacts aquatic organisms in the sampled water environment but also poses potential health risks to residents living nearby.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29081788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T08:08:12Z","timestamp":1713168492000},"page":"1788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Comprehensive Evaluation of Dioxins and Furans Occurrence in River Sediments from a Secondary Steel Recycling Craft Village in Northern Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5544-4317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung Xuan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"},{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuyen Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"},{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang Thi Hong","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong Street, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi 11021, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huong Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1455-8024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nam Duc","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5565-2477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thao Thi Phuong","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3835-0703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trung Quang","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Science and Public Health, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dat Tien","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3150-3642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nam Thanh","family":"Duong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh Le Tuan","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7676-3755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tung Ngoc","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9749-4240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nhan Van","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ha Viet","family":"Dao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oceanography, 1 Cau Da Street, Nha Trang 57111, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh Truong","family":"Ngoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5443-008X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minh Quang","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for High Technology Research and Development, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"06012","DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/202017506012","article-title":"Environmental pollution in Vietnam\u2019s craft villages","volume":"175","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"E3S Web Conf."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2017, February 09). 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