{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:18:31Z","timestamp":1792873111297,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["22A416011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A416011"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["22A416010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A416010"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["ZDSYS2021008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDSYS2021008"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["242102310006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102310006"]}]},{"name":"Open Program of Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry","award":["22A416011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A416011"]}]},{"name":"Open Program of Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry","award":["22A416010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A416010"]}]},{"name":"Open Program of Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry","award":["ZDSYS2021008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDSYS2021008"]}]},{"name":"Open Program of Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry","award":["242102310006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102310006"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Tackling of Henan","award":["22A416011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A416011"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Tackling of Henan","award":["22A416010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22A416010"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Tackling of Henan","award":["ZDSYS2021008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDSYS2021008"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Tackling of Henan","award":["242102310006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102310006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) are essential for many physiological processes in the human body. Abnormal levels of DA and UA can lead to multiple diseases, such as Parkinson\u2019s disease and gout. In this work, a three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide\u2013MXene (3D rGO-Ti3C2) composite electrode was prepared using a simple one-step hydrothermal reduction process, which could separate the oxidation potentials of DA and UA, enabling the simultaneous detection of DA and UA. The 3D rGO-Ti3C2 electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards both DA and UA. In 0.01 M PBS solution, the linear range of DA was 0.5\u2013500 \u00b5M with a sensitivity of 0.74 \u00b5A\u00b7\u00b5M\u22121\u00b7cm\u22122 and a detection limit of 0.056 \u00b5M (S\/N = 3), while the linear range of UA was 0.5\u201360 \u00b5M and 80\u2013450 \u00b5M, with sensitivity of 2.96 and 0.81 \u00b5A\u00b7\u00b5M\u22121\u00b7cm\u22122, respectively, and a detection limit of 0.086 \u00b5M (S\/N = 3). In 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) solution, the linear range of DA was 0.5\u2013500 \u00b5M with a sensitivity of 0.41 \u00b5A\u00b7\u00b5M\u22121\u00b7cm\u22122 and a detection limit of 0.091 \u00b5M (S\/N = 3). The linear range of UA was 2\u2013500 \u00b5M with a sensitivity of 0.11 \u00b5A\u00b7\u00b5M\u22121\u00b7cm\u22122 and a detection limit of 0.6 \u00b5M (S\/N = 3). The modified electrode exhibited advantages such as high sensitivity, a strong anti-interference capability, and good repeatability. Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully used for DA measurement in vivo. This could present a simple reliable route for neurotransmitter detection in neuroscience.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29091936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T07:38:51Z","timestamp":1713944331000},"page":"1936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Simultaneous Detection of Dopamine and Uric Acid In Vivo Based on a 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide\u2013MXene Composite Electrode"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Lingjun","family":"Shang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haojie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuaiqun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6095-7889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuming","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8023-9753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiongqiong","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelechem.2017.07.004","article-title":"3DGH-Fc based electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid","volume":"799","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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