{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:51:07Z","timestamp":1792666267511,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Figs are the edible fruits of the fig tree, Ficus carica L., that have been used for centuries for human consumption and in traditional medicine, to treat skin problems, inflammation, and gastrointestinal disorders. Our previous study investigated the presence of phenolic compounds in aqueous extracts of two Algerian popular fig varieties, azendjar (Az) and taamriouth (Ta), as well as their in vitro antioxidant activity. In this study, we assessed hydroethanolic extracts of these fig varieties. The total phenolic content was measured, along with the phenolic profile. Rutin was determined to be the dominant phenolic compound, followed by vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, rosmarinic acid (in Az only), and cinnamic acid. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated both in vitro (DPPH and FRAP assays) and in vivo, in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride. In all assays, the fig extract\u2014especially the dark-peeled fig variety azendjar\u2014showed antioxidant potency. The administration of fig extract resulted in a reduction in liver damage, expressed by both different biochemical markers and histopathological study (less degraded liver architecture, reduced fibrosis, and only mild inflammation). A dose-dependent therapeutic effect was observed. The extract from the dark-peeled fig variety, Az, was characterized by a higher phenolic content and a stronger antioxidant activity than the extract from the light-peeled variety\u2014Ta. Our study justifies the use of figs in traditional healing and shows the potential of using fig extracts in natural medicines and functional foods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29091997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T09:26:02Z","timestamp":1714123562000},"page":"1997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Antioxidant Activity and Effectiveness of Fig Extract in Counteracting Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Leila","family":"Kebal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Api-Phytotherapy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem (UMAB), Mostaganem 2700, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noureddine","family":"Djebli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Api-Phytotherapy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem (UMAB), Mostaganem 2700, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3234-7925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Pokajewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Opole, Pl. Kopernika 11a, 45-040 Opole, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadjet","family":"Mostefa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Api-Phytotherapy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem (UMAB), Mostaganem 2700, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0016-0114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr P.","family":"Wieczorek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Opole, Pl. 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