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Biochars (BC300, BC400, and BC500) derived from corn were combined with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) to immobilize and remove heavy metal ions, including mercury (Hg2+), cadmium (Cd2+), and lead (Pb2+). The adsorption kinetics of metal ions in aqueous solutions with different concentrations was tested, and the fitting effects of the two models were compared. The findings demonstrate that the joint application of biochar and KH2PO4 could markedly enhance the immobilization efficacy of Pb2+, whereas the utilization of KH2PO4 on its own exhibited a more pronounced immobilization impact on Cd2+. Furthermore, the present study underscores the shortcomings of various remediation techniques that must be taken into account when addressing heavy metal-contaminated soils. It also emphasizes the value of comprehensive remediation techniques that integrate multiple remediation agents. This study offers a novel approach and methodology for addressing the intricate and evolving challenges posed by heavy metal contamination in soil. Its practical value and potential for application are significant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29102202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T09:58:56Z","timestamp":1715162336000},"page":"2202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Adsorption Potential, Speciation Transformation, and Risk Assessment of Hg-, Cd-, and Pb-Contaminated Soils Using Biochar in Combination with Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Dun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines, College of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China"},{"name":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China"},{"name":"Anhui ChaoYue Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Chuzhou 239000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines, College of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Underground Detection, State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines, College of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Longjin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui ChaoYue Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Chuzhou 239000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuqin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd., Maanshan 243000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Geological Survey Management Center in Anhui Province, Hefei 230091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boren","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Geological Survey Management Center in Anhui Province, Hefei 230091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.03.161","article-title":"Remediation techniques for heavy metal-contaminated soils: Principles and applicability","volume":"633","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. 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Soil Sediments"}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/29\/10\/2202\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:42:05Z","timestamp":1760107325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/29\/10\/2202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules29102202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules29102202","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]}}}