{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:56:45Z","timestamp":1792151805888,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":424,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Viruses are a real threat to every organism at any stage of life leading to extensive infections and casualties. N-heterocycles can affect the viral life cycle at many points, including viral entrance into host cells, viral genome replication, and the production of novel viral species. Certain N-heterocycles can also stimulate the host\u2019s immune system, producing antiviral cytokines and chemokines that can stop the reproduction of viruses. This review focused on recent five- or six-membered synthetic N-heterocyclic molecules showing antiviral activity through SAR analyses. The review will assist in identifying robust scaffolds that might be utilized to create effective antiviral drugs with either no or few side effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29102232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T03:21:04Z","timestamp":1715311264000},"page":"2232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["N-Heterocycles as Promising Antiviral Agents: A Comprehensive Overview"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9499-4250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gulraiz","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Sohail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8787-1399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Bilal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasir","family":"Rasool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2636-238X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Usman","family":"Qamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Codrut","family":"Ciurea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3988-1266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi Geo","family":"Marceanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalin","family":"Misarca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"2947","article-title":"Importance of heterocyclic chemistry: A review","volume":"3","author":"Arora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. 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