{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T03:55:54Z","timestamp":1780977354670,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Under-deposit corrosion is widely present in the pipelines of oil and gas production, causing significant corrosion damage. In this paper, a novel electrochemical cathodic-polarization method was carried out to accelerate the formation of CaCO3 scale on a X65 steel surface in a simulated solution containing scaling ions. Subsequently, pre-scaled X65 steel was placed in a high temperature and pressure autoclave to conduct corrosion weight-loss experiments and in situ electrochemical measurements. The study mainly compared the corrosion inhibition behavior of four quaternary ammonium salt corrosion inhibitors, pyridinium quaternary salt (BPC), quinolinium quaternary salt (BQC), 8-hydroxyquinolinium quaternary salt (BHQ) and pyridinium (1-chloromethyl naphthalene) quaternary salt (1-CPN), in a simulated oilfield scale under corrosive conditions. The results of the weight-loss experiments demonstrated that the inhibition efficiencies of the corrosion inhibitors from high to low were as follows: 1-CPN &lt; BHQ &lt; BQC &lt; BPC. The in situ electrochemical measurements showed that the immersion time and type of corrosion inhibitor had a pronounced influence on the corrosion and corrosion inhibition behavior of X65 steel with CaCO3 coating. It was also proved using both EIS and PC that 1-CPN shows the best inhibition performance in all. Lastly, the inhibition mechanism of corrosion inhibitors at under-deposit conditions was analyzed via a surface morphology observation of SEM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29112611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T05:58:00Z","timestamp":1717394280000},"page":"2611","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Corrosion Inhibition Properties of Corrosion Inhibitors to under-Deposit Corrosion of X65 Steel in CO2 Corrosion Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Hai","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CCDC Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaorong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCDC Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongming","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCDC Geological Exploration & Development Research Institute, Chengdu 610051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCDC Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCDC Drilling Engineering Technology Research Institute, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Xi\u2019an 710018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gas Transmission Management Department, Southwest Oil & GasField Company, Petrochina, Chengdu 610215, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5252-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610600, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610600, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2017.02.010","article-title":"Long-term under-deposit pitting corrosion of carbon steel pipes","volume":"133","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocean. 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