{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:59:51Z","timestamp":1789167591054,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Top Discipline of Biological Engineering","award":["KF2023005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KF2023005"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Top Discipline of Biological Engineering","award":["Y202249490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202249490"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Top Discipline of Biological Engineering","award":["Y202352355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202352355"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Top Discipline of Biological Engineering","award":["2023J294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J294"]}]},{"name":"General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Education Department","award":["KF2023005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KF2023005"]}]},{"name":"General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Education Department","award":["Y202249490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202249490"]}]},{"name":"General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Education Department","award":["Y202352355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202352355"]}]},{"name":"General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Education Department","award":["2023J294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J294"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City","award":["KF2023005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KF2023005"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City","award":["Y202249490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202249490"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City","award":["Y202352355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202352355"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City","award":["2023J294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J294"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated the mechanism by which fucoxanthin acts as a novel ferroptosis inducer to inhibit tongue cancer. The MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory effects of fucoxanthin on SCC\u221225 human tongue squamous carcinoma cells. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total iron were measured. Reverse transcription\u2013quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2212qPCR) and Western blotting were used to assess glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), nuclear factor erythroid 2\u2212related factor 2 (Nrf2), Keap1, solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFR1), p53, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO\u22121) expression. Molecular docking was performed to validate interactions. Compared with the control group, the activity of fucoxanthin\u2212treated SCC\u221225 cells significantly decreased in a dose\u2212 and time\u2212dependent manner. The levels of MMP, GSH, and SOD significantly decreased in fucoxanthin\u2212treated SCC\u221225 cells; the levels of ROS, MDA, and total iron significantly increased. mRNA and protein expression levels of Keap1, GPX4, Nrf2, and HO\u22121 in fucoxanthin\u2212treated cells were significantly decreased, whereas levels of TFR1 and p53 were significantly increased, in a concentration\u2212dependent manner. Molecular docking analysis revealed that binding free energies of fucoxanthin with p53, SLC7A11, GPX4, Nrf2, Keap1, HO\u22121, and TFR1 were below \u22125 kcal\/mol, primarily based on active site hydrogen bonding. Our findings suggest that fucoxanthin can induce ferroptosis in SCC\u221225 cells, highlighting its potential as a treatment for tongue cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29122832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T03:52:53Z","timestamp":1718337173000},"page":"2832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Fucoxanthin Induces Ferroptosis in Cancer Cells via Downregulation of the Nrf2\/HO\u22121\/GPX4 Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3911-7574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao-Fei","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Wei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Shan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng-Hao","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Zhou","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Chao","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai-Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo-Ying","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu-Dong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3846-7701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao-Miao","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, T., Yang, L.L., Li, Z., Sun, M., and Lv, N. 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