{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:51:28Z","timestamp":1782910288184,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":199,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Postgraduate Research &amp; Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["KYCX24_4035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX24_4035"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research &amp; Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["82101630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101630"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["KYCX24_4035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX24_4035"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82101630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101630"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Viruses pose a significant threat to human health, causing widespread diseases and impacting the global economy. Perilla frutescens, a traditional medicine and food homologous plant, is well known for its antiviral properties. This systematic review examines the antiviral potential of Perilla frutescens, including its antiviral activity, chemical structure and pharmacological parameters. Utilizing bioinformatics analysis, we revealed the correlation between Perilla frutescens and antiviral activity, identified overlaps between Perilla frutescens target genes and virus-related genes, and explored related signaling pathways. Moreover, a classified summary of the active components of Perilla frutescens, focusing on compounds associated with antiviral activity, provides important clues for optimizing the antiviral drug development of Perilla frutescens. Our findings indicate that Perilla frutescens showed a strong antiviral effect, and its active ingredients can effectively inhibit the replication and spread of a variety of viruses in this review. The antiviral mechanisms of Perilla frutescens may involve several pathways, including enhanced immune function, modulation of inflammatory responses, and inhibition of key enzyme activities such as viral replicase. These results underscore the potential antiviral application of Perilla frutescens as a natural plant and provide important implications for the development of new antiviral drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29143328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T15:17:06Z","timestamp":1721056626000},"page":"3328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Antiviral Potential of Perilla frutescens: Advances and Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Intelligent Diagnosis, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Intelligent Diagnosis, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Intelligent Diagnosis, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Intelligent Diagnosis, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science School, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics and Intelligent Diagnosis, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.03.022","article-title":"HIV\/AIDS Research for the Future","volume":"27","author":"Gallo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Heuvel, Y., Schatz, S., Rosengarten, J.F., and Stitz, J. (2022). Infectious RNA: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Biology, Therapeutic Intervention, and the Quest for a Vaccine. Toxins, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14020138"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2018.01.009","article-title":"Hepatitis B Virus","volume":"26","author":"Shih","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2017.07.006","article-title":"Mechanisms of Hepatitis B Virus Persistence","volume":"26","author":"Tsai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a037069","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a037069","article-title":"Hepatitis C Virus: 30 Years after Its Discovery","volume":"9","author":"Houghton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2021.12.010","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus and intracellular antiviral response","volume":"52","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2021.05.007","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Association with Epstein-Barr Virus","volume":"35","author":"Vasudevan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hematol. Oncol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6035","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29090475","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression: Accumulating Genomic Instability and Persistent Epstein-Barr Virus Infection","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000511477","article-title":"Microbiome and Cervical Cancer","volume":"88","author":"Castanheira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathobiol. J. Immunopathol. Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2020.10.034","article-title":"HPV post-infection microenvironment and cervical cancer","volume":"497","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvr.2022.200238","article-title":"Cervical cancer therapies: Current challenges and future perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Burmeister","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tumour Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000601","article-title":"Update on oncogenesis and therapy for Kaposi sarcoma","volume":"32","author":"Dupin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3294","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26780","article-title":"Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and extracellular vesicles","volume":"93","author":"Barrett","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3833","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7580","article-title":"Promising natural products against SARS-CoV-2: Structure, function, and clinical trials","volume":"36","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytother. Res. PTR"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.4103\/2225-4110.124335","article-title":"Antiviral natural products and herbal medicines","volume":"4","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Complement. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badshah, S.L., Faisal, S., Muhammad, A., Poulson, B.G., Emwas, A.H., and Jaremko, M. (2021). Antiviral activities of flavonoids. Biomed. Pharmacother., 140.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111596"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, Y., Zhang, Q., Zhang, W., Lai, Y., Long, H., Huang, H., Zhan, S., Liu, X., Lai, J., and Zhang, Z. (2022). Inhibitory effects of Patchouli alcohol on the early lifecycle stages of influenza A virus. Front. Microbiol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.938868"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seo, D.J., and Choi, C. (2021). Antiviral Bioactive Compounds of Mushrooms and Their Antiviral Mechanisms: A Review. Viruses, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/v13020350"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"369","article-title":"Perilla frutescens: A traditional medicine and food homologous plant","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Herb. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, L., Qu, S., Yang, K., Liu, M., Li, Y.X., Keller, N.P., Zeng, X., and Tian, J. (2020). Perillaldehyde: A promising antifungal agent to treat oropharyngeal candidiasis. Biochem. Pharmacol., 180.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.114201"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2021.01.005","article-title":"Perilla (Perilla frutescens) leaf extract inhibits SARS-CoV-2 via direct virus inactivation","volume":"44","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4162\/nrp.2015.9.1.11","article-title":"Inhibitory activities of Perilla frutescens britton leaf extract against the growth, migration, and adhesion of human cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Kwak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, D.K., Kang, S.J., and Rhee, W.J. (2023). Perilla-Leaf-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Selectively Inhibit Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115633"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Tu, Z., Xie, X., Cui, H., Kong, K.W., and Zhang, L. (2021). Perilla frutescens Leaf Extract and Fractions: Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant, Enzymes (\u03b1-Glucosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Tyrosinase) Inhibitory, Anticancer, and Antidiabetic Activities. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10020315"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"406","article-title":"Inotropic and lusitropic effects of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton extract on the rabbit myocardium","volume":"42","author":"Korotkich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4861","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S382192","article-title":"Nanovesicles-Mediated Drug Delivery for Oral Bioavailability Enhancement","volume":"17","author":"Ren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1.30.31","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.5","article-title":"The GeneCards Suite: From Gene Data Mining to Disease Genome Sequence Analyses","volume":"54","author":"Stelzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Bioinform."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7044","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.2c00223","article-title":"Phenols in Pharmaceuticals: Analysis of a Recurring Motif","volume":"65","author":"Scott","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106812","article-title":"Phenolic metabolites as therapeutic in inflammation and neoplasms: Molecular pathways explaining their efficacy","volume":"193","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.113940","article-title":"Phenolic profile, safety assessment, and anti-inflammatory activity of Salvia verbenaca L","volume":"272","author":"Righi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.1940177","article-title":"Volatiles, phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of kohlrabi leaves","volume":"36","author":"Ascrizzi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-022-00745-x","article-title":"Phenolic compounds of Phellinus spp. with antibacterial and antiviral activities","volume":"53","author":"Leyva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeb, A. (2020). Concept, mechanism, and applications of phenolic antioxidants in foods. J. Food Biochem., 44.","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13394"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2018.11.051","article-title":"The antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of some phenolic phytochemicals: A review study","volume":"13","author":"Ahangarpour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1007\/s11094-021-02540-8","article-title":"The Effect of Phytocompounds of Medicinal Plants on Coronavirus (2019-NCOV) Infection","volume":"55","author":"Zrig","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharm. Chem. J."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7671","article-title":"Antiviral effects of phytochemicals against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and their mechanisms of action: A review","volume":"37","author":"Jantan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytother. Res. PTR"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zieli\u0144ska-B\u0142ajet, M., and Feder-Kubis, J. (2020). Monoterpenes and Their Derivatives-Recent Development in Biological and Medical Applications. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197078"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kowalczyk, A., Przychodna, M., Sopata, S., Bodalska, A., and Fecka, I. (2020). Thymol and Thyme Essential Oil-New Insights into Selected Therapeutic Applications. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25184125"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3415","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7541","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of thymol as an anti-inflammatory and wound healing agent: A review of thymol effect on inflammation and wound healing: A review of thymol effect on inflammation and wound healing","volume":"36","author":"Sales","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytother. Res. PTR"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2023.100635","article-title":"Thymus vulgaris, a natural pharmacy against COVID-19: A molecular review","volume":"38","author":"Nadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Herb. Med."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.04.111","article-title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities of thymol: A brief review of the literature","volume":"210","author":"Marchese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2019.1675585","article-title":"The antibacterial properties of phenolic isomers, carvacrol and thymol","volume":"60","author":"Kachur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2017.63.8.10","article-title":"Susceptibility of herpes simplex virus type 1 to monoterpenes thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene and essential oils of Sinapis arvensis L., Lallemantia royleana Benth. and Pulicaria vulgaris Gaertn","volume":"63","author":"Salehi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101128","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00147-20","article-title":"Oregano Oil and Its Principal Component, Carvacrol, Inhibit HIV-1 Fusion into Target Cells","volume":"94","author":"Mediouni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.11.056","article-title":"Chemical compositions and anti-influenza activities of essential oils from Mosla dianthera","volume":"139","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.128823","article-title":"Computational evaluation of major components from plant essential oils as potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein","volume":"1221","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11874","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2021.1965658","article-title":"In Silico study on spice-derived antiviral phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2 TMPRSS2 target","volume":"40","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s12560-015-9181-9","article-title":"Evaluation of Natural Compounds of Plant Origin for Inactivation of Enteric Viruses","volume":"7","author":"Aznar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Environ. Virol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822014005000030","article-title":"In Vitro inhibition of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus by the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum (basil) and monoterpenes","volume":"45","author":"Alves","year":"2014","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taglienti, A., Donati, L., Ferretti, L., Tomassoli, L., Sapienza, F., Sabatino, M., Di Massimo, G., Fiorentino, S., Vecchiarelli, V., and Nota, P. (2022). In Vivo Antiphytoviral Activity of Essential Oils and Hydrosols From Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, and Rosmarinus officinalis to Control Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus and Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus in Cucurbita pepo L. Front. Microbiol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.840893"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13777","article-title":"Thyme essential oil inhibits intracellular replication of CyHV-3 and inactivates extracellular virus. An InVitro study","volume":"46","author":"Troszok","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Fish Dis."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ulanowska, M., and Olas, B. (2021). Biological Properties and Prospects for the Application of Eugenol-A Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22073671"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c05833","article-title":"Eugenol Alleviates TGEV-Induced Intestinal Injury via Suppressing ROS\/NLRP3\/GSDMD-Dependent Pyroptosis","volume":"71","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dai, J.P., Zhao, X.F., Zeng, J., Wan, Q.Y., Yang, J.C., Li, W.Z., Chen, X.X., Wang, G.F., and Li, K.S. (2013). Drug screening for autophagy inhibitors based on the dissociation of Beclin1-Bcl2 complex using BiFC technique and mechanism of eugenol on anti-influenza A virus activity. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061026"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253643","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nep187","article-title":"Screening for antiviral activities of isolated compounds from essential oils","volume":"2011","author":"Astani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med. Ecam"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1573(200011)14:7<495::AID-PTR650>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"In Vitro and In Vivo activity of eugenol on human herpesvirus","volume":"14","author":"Benencia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phytother. Res. PTR"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandra Manivannan, A., Malaisamy, A., Eswaran, M., Meyyazhagan, A., Arumugam, V.A., Rengasamy, K.R.R., Balasubramanian, B., and Liu, W.C. (2022). Evaluation of Clove Phytochemicals as Potential Antiviral Drug Candidates Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Computational Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Pharmacokinetic Profiling. Front. Mol. Biosci., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2022.918101"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2174\/1573409918666220914092145","article-title":"Molecular insights on bioactive compounds against COVID-19: A Network pharmacological and computational study","volume":"18","author":"Jeevanandam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Comput. Aided Drug Des."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-023-01607-x","article-title":"Eugenol isolated from supercritical fluid extract of Ocimum sanctum: A potent inhibitor of DENV-2","volume":"13","author":"Kaushik","year":"2023","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbt.2016.01.001","article-title":"Eugenol confers resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) by regulating the expression of SlPer1 in tomato plants","volume":"33","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"New Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsai, W.A., Weng, S.H., Chen, M.C., Lin, J.S., and Tsai, W.S. (2019). Priming of Plant Resistance to Heat Stress and Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Thailand Virus With Plant-Derived Materials. Front. Plant Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00906"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Z., Yang, B., Ding, Y., Meng, J., Hu, J., Zhou, X., Liu, L., Wu, Z., and Yang, S. (2023). Insights into a class of natural eugenol and its optimized derivatives as potential tobacco mosaic virus helicase inhibitors by structure-based virtual screening. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 248.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.125892"},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"2317","article-title":"Screening and molecular docking of selected phytochemicals against NS5B polymerase of hepatitis c virus","volume":"33","author":"Mustafa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-019-2629-0","article-title":"The Natural Product Eugenol Is an Inhibitor of the Ebola Virus In Vitro","volume":"36","author":"Lane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2006.12.005","article-title":"Protocatechuic aldehyde inhibits hepatitis B virus replication both In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"74","author":"Zhou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chien, L.H., Deng, J.S., Jiang, W.P., Chen, C.C., Chou, Y.N., Lin, J.G., and Huang, G.J. (2022). Study on the potential of Sanghuangporus sanghuang and its components as COVID-19 spike protein receptor binding domain inhibitors. Biomed. Pharmacother., 153.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113434"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki244","article-title":"Effects of CAPE-like compounds on HIV replication In Vitro and modulation of cytokines In Vivo","volume":"56","author":"Ho","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, Y.Z., Peng, C.W., Su, Z.Q., Huang, H.T., Liu, X.H., Zhan, S.F., and Huang, X.F. (2021). A Practical Strategy for Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Luteolin Against COVID-19\/Asthma Comorbidity: Findings of System Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Analysis. Front. Immunol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.769011"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(00)00129-0","article-title":"Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings","volume":"46","author":"Lipinski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2174\/092986709787002817","article-title":"Topological polar surface area: A useful descriptor in 2D-QSAR","volume":"16","author":"Prasanna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rashid, M. (2020). Design, synthesis and ADMET prediction of bis-benzimidazole as anticancer agent. Bioorganic Chem., 96.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2020.103576"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530321666210520102042","article-title":"Revisiting the Antiviral Efficacy of Terpenoids: Plausible Adjunct Therapeutics for Novel SARS-CoV-2?","volume":"21","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carsanba, E., Pintado, M., and Oliveira, C. (2021). Fermentation Strategies for Production of Pharmaceutical Terpenoids in Engineered Yeast. Pharmaceuticals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14040295"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Zhu, Z., Chen, J., Zheng, Y., Limsila, B., Lu, M., Gao, T., Yang, Q., Fu, C., and Liao, W. (2021). Terpenoids from Curcumae Rhizoma: Their anticancer effects and clinical uses on combination and versus drug therapies. Biomed. Pharmacother., 138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111350"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2174\/1573406417666210712211557","article-title":"Computational and Synthetic Biology Approaches for the Biosynthesis of Antiviral and Anticancer Terpenoids from Bacillus subtilis","volume":"18","author":"Shukla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2022.105293","article-title":"Lignans and terpenoids from Gaultheria leucocarpa var. yunnanensis and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities","volume":"162","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1192-6225","article-title":"Cytotoxic and Anti-inflammatory Terpenoids from the Whole Plant of Vaccinium emarginatum","volume":"86","author":"Tu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turkiewicz, I.P., Wojdy\u0142o, A., Tkacz, K., Nowicka, P., and Hern\u00e1ndez, F. (2019). Antidiabetic, Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity vs. Terpenoids and Phenolic Compounds in Selected New Cultivars and Hybrids of Artichoke Cynara scolymus L. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24071222"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NP00023J","article-title":"Terpenoids from the medicinal mushroom Antrodia camphorata: Chemistry and medicinal potential","volume":"38","author":"Kuang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamaguchi, T. (2022). Antibacterial effect of the combination of terpenoids. Arch. Microbiol., 204.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-022-03142-y"},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"27","article-title":"Plant phenolics and terpenoids as adjuvants of antibacterial and antifungal drugs","volume":"37","author":"Zacchino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytomed. Int. J. Phytother. Phytopharm."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2020.112341","article-title":"Terpenoids from the Chinese liverwort Odontoschisma grosseverrucosum and their antifungal virulence activity","volume":"174","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.01.011","article-title":"Hepatoprotective natural triterpenoids","volume":"145","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khwaza, V., Oyedeji, O.O., and Aderibigbe, B.A. (2018). Antiviral Activities of Oleanolic Acid and Its Analogues. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23092300"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21484","article-title":"Recent progress in the antiviral activity and mechanism study of pentacyclic triterpenoids and their derivatives","volume":"38","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026623666230126162419","article-title":"Steroid and Triterpenoid Compounds with Antiparasitic Properties","volume":"23","author":"Kuzminac","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557516666151120121036","article-title":"Phenolics and Terpenoids; the Promising New Search for Anthelmintics: A Critical Review","volume":"16","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-12-0321","article-title":"Perillyl alcohol for the treatment of temozolomide-resistant gliomas","volume":"11","author":"Cho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrade, L.N., Amaral, R.G., D\u00f3ria, G.A., Fonseca, C.S., da Silva, T.K., Albuquerque J\u00fanior, R.L., Thomazzi, S.M., do Nascimento, L.G., Carvalho, A.A., and de Sousa, D.P. (2016). In Vivo Anti-Tumor Activity and Toxicological Evaluations of Perillaldehyde 8,9-Epoxide, a Derivative of Perillyl Alcohol. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17010032"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rezende, A.A., Santos, R.S., Andrade, L.N., Amaral, R.G., Pereira, M.M., Bani, C., Chen, M., Priefer, R., da Silva, C.F., and de Albuquerque J\u00fanior, R.L.C. (2021). Anti-Tumor Efficiency of Perillylalcohol\/\u03b2-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes in a Sarcoma S180-Induced Mice Model. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13020245"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3315","article-title":"Perillyl alcohol and perillic acid exert efficient action upon HSV-1 maturation and release of infective virus","volume":"25","author":"Mello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antivir. Ther."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/10641963.2020.1860080","article-title":"Perillyl alcohol suppresses monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats via anti-remodeling, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects","volume":"43","author":"Beik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20190519","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2019-0519","article-title":"Perillyl alcohol has antibacterial effects and reduces ROS production in macrophages","volume":"28","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Oral Sci. Rev. FOB"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le-Trilling, V.T.K., Mennerich, D., Schuler, C., Sakson, R., Lill, J.K., Kasarla, S.S., Kopczynski, D., Loroch, S., Flores-Martinez, Y., and Katschinski, B. (2022). Identification of herbal teas and their compounds eliciting antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro. BMC Biol., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-022-01468-z"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malhi, M., Norris, M.J., Duan, W., Moraes, T.J., and Maynes, J.T. (2021). Statin-mediated disruption of Rho GTPase prenylation and activity inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection. Commun. Biol., 4.","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02754-2"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520623666230420094628","article-title":"Germacrone, A Novel and Safe Anticancer Agent from Genus Curcuma: A Review of its Mechanism","volume":"23","author":"Lou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anti-Cancer Agents Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-016-1042-8","article-title":"In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Germacrone Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus","volume":"73","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200221999200728144801","article-title":"Germacrone: A Potent Secondary Metabolite with Therapeutic Potential in Metabolic Diseases, Cancer and Viral Infections","volume":"21","author":"Riaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burapan, S., Kim, M., Paisooksantivatana, Y., Eser, B.E., and Han, J. (2020). Thai Curcuma Species: Antioxidant and Bioactive Compounds. Foods, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9091219"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oriola, A.O., and Oyedeji, A.O. (2022). Essential Oils and Their Compounds as Potential Anti-Influenza Agents. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27227797"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.09.021","article-title":"Germacrone inhibits early stages of influenza virus infection","volume":"100","author":"Liao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2020.104489","article-title":"Anti-H1N1 viral activity of three main active ingredients from zedoary oil","volume":"142","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-015-2393-3","article-title":"In Vitro antiviral activity of germacrone against porcine parvovirus","volume":"160","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-016-2825-8","article-title":"In Vitro antiviral effect of germacrone on feline calicivirus","volume":"161","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, W., Zhai, X., Su, J., Ye, R., Zheng, Y., and Su, S. (2019). Antiviral Activity of Germacrone against Pseudorabies Virus In Vitro. Pathogens, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8040258"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-019-1266-x","article-title":"Inhibition effects of patchouli alcohol against influenza a virus through targeting cellular PI3K\/Akt and ERK\/MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.01.065","article-title":"Patchouli alcohol ameliorates depression-like behaviors through inhibiting NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation in male stress-exposed mice","volume":"326","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2022.2064881","article-title":"Patchouli alcohol protects against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the Notch1\/Hes1 pathway","volume":"60","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107897","article-title":"Patchouli alcohol ameliorates acute liver injury via inhibiting oxidative stress and gut-origin LPS leakage in rats","volume":"98","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.09.036","article-title":"Patchouli alcohol isolated from Pogostemon cablin mediates endothelium-independent vasorelaxation by blockade of Ca2+ channels in rat isolated thoracic aorta","volume":"220","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.107056","article-title":"Potential benefits of patchouli alcohol in prevention of human diseases: A mechanistic review","volume":"89","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106660","article-title":"A potential drug combination of omeprazole and patchouli alcohol significantly normalizes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses against gastric ulcer in ethanol-induced rat model","volume":"85","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112302","article-title":"Patchouli alcohol activates PXR and suppresses the NF-\u03baB-mediated intestinal inflammatory","volume":"248","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.07.019","article-title":"Lactoferrin-mediated macrophage targeting delivery and patchouli alcohol-based therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sinica. B"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-22-667","article-title":"Patchouli alcohol inhibits GPBAR1-mediated cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer","volume":"11","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl. Androl. Urol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2022.0130","article-title":"Preventive Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Colorectal Cancer and Diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-011-0550-x","article-title":"Patchouli alcohol: In Vitro direct anti-influenza virus sesquiterpene in Pogostemon cablin Benth","volume":"66","author":"Kiyohara","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-013-0381-y","article-title":"Immunologic mechanism of Patchouli alcohol anti-H1N1 influenza virus may through regulation of the RLH signal pathway In Vitro","volume":"67","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6489","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16086489","article-title":"Inhibitory effect and possible mechanism of action of patchouli alcohol against influenza A (H2N2) virus","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zrieq, R., Ahmad, I., Snoussi, M., Noumi, E., Iriti, M., Algahtani, F.D., Patel, H., Saeed, M., Tasleem, M., and Sulaiman, S. (2021). Tomatidine and Patchouli Alcohol as Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Enzymes (3CLpro, PLpro and NSP15) by Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910693"},{"key":"ref_121","first-page":"106368","article-title":"Menthol-based deep eutectic systems as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents for wound healing","volume":"182","author":"Oliveira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. Off. J. Eur. Fed. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rozza, A.L., Beserra, F.P., Vieira, A.J., Oliveira de Souza, E., Hussni, C.A., Martinez, E.R.M., N\u00f3brega, R.H., and Pellizzon, C.H. (2021). The Use of Menthol in Skin Wound Healing-Anti-Inflammatory Potential, Antioxidant Defense System Stimulation and Increased Epithelialization. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13111902"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hazime, N., Belguesmia, Y., Barras, A., Amiche, M., Boukherroub, R., and Drider, D. (2022). Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Dermaseptin through Its Immobilization on Alginate Nanoparticles-Effects of Menthol and Lactic Acid on Its Potentialization. Antibiotics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11060787"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor, D.J.R., Hamid, S.M., Andres, A.M., Saadaeijahromi, H., Piplani, H., Germano, J.F., Song, Y., Sawaged, S., Feuer, R., and Pandol, S.J. (2020). Antiviral Effects of Menthol on Coxsackievirus B. Viruses, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/v12040373"},{"key":"ref_125","first-page":"113","article-title":"Determination of the antibacterial and antiviral activity of the essential oil from Minthostachys verticillata (Griseb.) Epling","volume":"33","author":"Primo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev. Argent. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ninfali, P., Antonelli, A., Magnani, M., and Scarpa, E.S. (2020). Antiviral Properties of Flavonoids and Delivery Strategies. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092534"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manzoor, M.F., Ahmad, N., Ahmed, Z., Siddique, R., Zeng, X.A., Rahaman, A., Muhammad Aadil, R., and Wahab, A. (2019). Novel extraction techniques and pharmaceutical activities of luteolin and its derivatives. J. Food Biochem., 43.","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12974"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Men, X., Li, S., Cai, X., Fu, L., Shao, Y., and Zhu, Y. (2023). Antiviral Activity of Luteolin against Pseudorabies Virus In Vitro and In Vivo. Animals, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13040761"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9966750","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9966750","article-title":"Flavonols and Flavones as Potential anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Compounds","volume":"2022","author":"Chagas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Stefano, A., Caporali, S., Di Daniele, N., Rovella, V., Cardillo, C., Schinzari, F., Minieri, M., Pieri, M., Candi, E., and Bernardini, S. (2021). Anti-Inflammatory and Proliferative Properties of Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031321"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.05.019","article-title":"Luteolin and its derivative apigenin suppress the inducible PD-L1 expression to improve anti-tumor immunity in KRAS-mutant lung cancer","volume":"515","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bachar, S.C., Mazumder, K., Bachar, R., Aktar, A., and Al Mahtab, M. (2021). A Review of Medicinal Plants with Antiviral Activity Available in Bangladesh and Mechanistic Insight Into Their Bioactive Metabolites on SARS-CoV-2, HIV and HBV. Front. Pharmacol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.732891"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-020-00479-6","article-title":"Luteolin and abyssinone II as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico molecular modeling approach in battling the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"45","author":"Shawan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull. Natl. Res. Cent."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russo, M., Moccia, S., Spagnuolo, C., Tedesco, I., and Russo, G.L. (2020). Roles of flavonoids against coronavirus infection. Chem. -Biol. Interact., 328.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2020.109211"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131594","article-title":"Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 3CL(pro) main protease by plant polyphenols","volume":"373","author":"Bahun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.10.017","article-title":"Co-ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide\/luteolin normalizes GABAB-ergic activity and cortical plasticity in long COVID-19 syndrome","volume":"145","author":"Versace","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol. Off. J. Int. Fed. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Guo, Y., Song, Z., Chang, H., Kuang, Q., Zheng, Z., Wang, H., and Zhang, G. (2022). Luteolin restricts ASFV replication by regulating the NF-\u03baB\/STAT3\/ATF6 signaling pathway. Vet. Microbiol., 273.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2022.109527"},{"key":"ref_138","first-page":"155020","article-title":"Luteolin inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 infection by activating cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-mediated antiviral innate immunity","volume":"120","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomed. Int. J. Phytother. Phytopharm."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/S1995-7645(14)60343-6","article-title":"Anti-chikungunya activity of luteolin and apigenin rich fraction from Cynodon dactylon","volume":"8","author":"Murali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.04.021","article-title":"Antiviral activity of luteolin against Japanese encephalitis virus","volume":"220","author":"Fan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu, L., Li, S., Men, X., Cai, X., Wang, Z., Xu, Y., Ren, Z., Shao, Y., and Zhu, Y. (2023). Optimizing the Extraction and Enrichment of Luteolin from Patrinia villosa and Its Anti-Pseudorabies Virus Activity. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28135005"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2778","DOI":"10.3390\/v6072778","article-title":"Identification of luteolin as enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 inhibitors through reporter viruses and cell viability-based screening","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Theerawatanasirikul, S., Thangthamniyom, N., Kuo, C.J., Semkum, P., Phecharat, N., Chankeeree, P., and Lekcharoensuk, P. (2021). Natural Phytochemicals, Luteolin and Isoginkgetin, Inhibit 3C Protease and Infection of FMDV, In Silico and In Vitro. Viruses, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/v13112118"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3057","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26403","article-title":"Apigenin suppresses influenza A virus-induced RIG-I activation and viral replication","volume":"92","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, I.G., Lee, J., Hong, S.H., and Seo, Y.J. (2023). Apigenin\u2019s Therapeutic Potential Against Viral Infection. Front. Biosci., 28.","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2810237"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6647","article-title":"Apigenin as an anticancer agent","volume":"34","author":"Imran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytother. Res. PTR"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2022.103751","article-title":"Apigenin in cancer prevention and therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models","volume":"176","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kashyap, P., Shikha, D., Thakur, M., and Aneja, A. (2022). Functionality of apigenin as a potent antioxidant with emphasis on bioavailability, metabolism, action mechanism and In Vitro and In Vivo studies: A review. J. Food Biochem., 46.","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13950"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cicek, M., Unsal, V., Doganer, A., and Demir, M. (2021). Investigation of oxidant\/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of apigenin on apoptosis in sepsis-induced rat lung. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 35.","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22743"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Khayri, J.M., Sahana, G.R., Nagella, P., Joseph, B.V., Alessa, F.M., and Al-Mssallem, M.Q. (2022). Flavonoids as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Molecules: A Review. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27092901"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2020.104870","article-title":"Antiviral activity of Apigenin against buffalopox: Novel mechanistic insights and drug-resistance considerations","volume":"181","author":"Khandelwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.3390\/v7041613","article-title":"Apigenin restricts FMDV infection and inhibits viral IRES driven translational activity","volume":"7","author":"Qian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C.C., Fang, C.Y., Cheng, Y.J., Hsu, H.Y., Chou, S.P., Huang, S.Y., Tsai, C.H., and Chen, J.Y. (2017). Inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus reactivation by the flavonoid apigenin. J. Biomed. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0313-9"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zannella, C., Giugliano, R., Chianese, A., Buonocore, C., Vitale, G.A., Sanna, G., Sarno, F., Manzin, A., Nebbioso, A., and Termolino, P. (2021). Antiviral Activity of Vitis vinifera Leaf Extract against SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1. Viruses, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/v13071263"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2014.06.004","article-title":"Apigenin inhibits enterovirus 71 replication through suppressing viral IRES activity and modulating cellular JNK pathway","volume":"109","author":"Lv","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Qiao, H., Lv, Y., Wang, J., Chen, X., Hou, Y., Tan, R., and Li, E. (2014). Apigenin inhibits enterovirus-71 infection by disrupting viral RNA association with trans-acting factors. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110429"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2018.05.023","article-title":"Anti-hepatitis C virus activity and synergistic effect of Nymphaea alba extracts and bioactive constituents in liver infected cells","volume":"121","author":"Rehman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fredsgaard, M., Kaniki, S.E.K., Antonopoulou, I., Chaturvedi, T., and Thomsen, M.H. (2023). Phenolic Compounds in Salicornia spp. and Their Potential Therapeutic Effects on H1N1, HBV, HCV, and HIV: A Review. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28145312"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hengphasatporn, K., Kaewmalai, B., Jansongsaeng, S., Badavath, V.N., Saelee, T., Chokmahasarn, T., Khotavivattana, T., Shigeta, Y., Rungrotmongkol, T., and Boonyasuppayakorn, S. (2021). Alkyne-Tagged Apigenin, a Chemical Tool to Navigate Potential Targets of Flavonoid Anti-Dengue Leads. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26226967"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2023.03.016","article-title":"A cellular screening platform, stably expressing DENV2 NS5, defines a novel anti-DENV mechanism of action of Apigenin based on STAT2 activation","volume":"583","author":"Acchioni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3350","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2022.2027181","article-title":"Apigenin analogues as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors: In-Silico screening approach","volume":"13","author":"Farhat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5915","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2022.2098821","article-title":"Evaluation of apigenin-based biflavonoid derivatives as potential therapeutic agents against viral protease (3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2 via molecular docking, molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics studies","volume":"41","author":"Abdizadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297916080046","article-title":"Plant Sterols: Diversity, Biosynthesis, and Physiological Functions","volume":"81","author":"Valitova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem. Biokhimiia"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hisham Shady, N., Youssif, K.A., Sayed, A.M., Belbahri, L., Oszako, T., Hassan, H.M., and Abdelmohsen, U.R. (2020). Sterols and Triterpenes: Antiviral Potential Supported by In-Silico Analysis. Plants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10010041"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14096","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2021.2000500","article-title":"Computational identification of potential inhibitory compounds in Indian medicinal and aromatic plant species against major pathogenicity determinants of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"40","author":"Sharma","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s13659-020-00253-1","article-title":"Recognition of Natural Products as Potential Inhibitors of COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro): In-Silico Evidences","volume":"10","author":"Narkhede","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Bioprospecting"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, C., Shen, J.L., Liang, C.S., Sun, Z.C., and Jiang, H.F. (2022). First Discovery of Beta-Sitosterol as a Novel Antiviral Agent against White Spot Syndrome Virus. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810448"},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6084","article-title":"Inhibition of HSV-2 infection by pure compounds from Thymus capitatus extract In Vitro","volume":"32","author":"Toujani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytother. Res. PTR"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shokry, S., Hegazy, A., Abbas, A.M., Mostafa, I., Eissa, I.H., Metwaly, A.M., Yahya, G., El-Shazly, A.M., Aboshanab, K.M., and Mostafa, A. (2023). Phytoestrogen \u03b2-Sitosterol Exhibits Potent In Vitro Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Viruses. Vaccines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11020228"},{"key":"ref_170","first-page":"685","article-title":"Analysis of antioxidative and antiviral biomarkers \u03b2-amyrin, \u03b2-sitosterol, lupeol, ursolic acid in Guiera senegalensis leaves extract by validated HPTLC methods","volume":"26","author":"Parvez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J. SPJ Off. Publ. Saudi Pharm. Soc."},{"key":"ref_171","first-page":"389","article-title":"Plant-derived antiviral drugs as novel hepatitis B virus inhibitors: Cell culture and molecular docking study","volume":"27","author":"Parvez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J. SPJ Off. Publ. Saudi Pharm. Soc."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.116044","article-title":"Effect of Sauropus androgynus L. Merr. on dengue virus-2: An In Vitro and In Silico study","volume":"304","author":"Joshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-0403-9","article-title":"\u03b2-sitosterol ameliorates influenza A virus-induced proinflammatory response and acute lung injury in mice by disrupting the cross-talk between RIG-I and IFN\/STAT signaling","volume":"41","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Guo, J., Wang, Y., Zhao, P., Liu, B., Zhang, Y., Xiong, Y., Chen, Q., Lin, L., and Li, L. (2022). Anti-inflammatory effects of Chaishi Tuire Granules on influenza A treatment by mediating TRAF6\/MAPK14 axis. Front. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.943681"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abo-Elghiet, F., Rushdi, A., Ibrahim, M.H., Mahmoud, S.H., Rabeh, M.A., Alshehri, S.A., and El Menofy, N.G. (2023). Chemical Profile, Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antiviral Activities of Pulicaria crispa Most Potent Fraction: An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28104184"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aljaafari, M.N., Alkhoori, M.A., Hag-Ali, M., Cheng, W.H., Lim, S.H., Loh, J.Y., and Lai, K.S. (2022). Contribution of Aldehydes and Their Derivatives to Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Activities. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27113589"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.2174\/1386207323666200709165325","article-title":"Green Synthesis of Thiazole Derivatives using Multi-component Reaction of Aldehydes, Isothiocyanate and Alkyl Bromides: Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity","volume":"24","author":"Hamedani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4783","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-022-03843-6","article-title":"Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Corynoline in Different Nociceptive and Inflammatory Experimental Models","volume":"194","author":"Lei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.16461","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory properties of an aldehydes-enriched fraction of grapefruit essential oil","volume":"88","author":"Nikolic","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14357","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c01177","article-title":"Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients","volume":"63","author":"Gampe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.FP0061204","article-title":"2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde inhibits SW620 colon cancer cell growth through AP-1 inactivation","volume":"104","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6634115","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6634115","article-title":"Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cinnamon Oil Soft Capsule in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"2021","author":"Zobeiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med. Ecam"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-018-0025-8","article-title":"Cinnamaldehyde accelerates wound healing by promoting angiogenesis via up-regulation of PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"98","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lab. Investig. A J. Tech. Methods Pathol."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mrityunjaya, M., Pavithra, V., Neelam, R., Janhavi, P., Halami, P.M., and Ravindra, P.V. (2020). Immune-Boosting, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Food Supplements Targeting Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Front. Immunol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.570122"},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Li, X.Y., Zhang, B.S., Ren, L.N., Lu, Y.P., Tang, J.W., Lv, D., Yong, L., Lin, L.T., and Lin, Z.X. (2022). In Vivo antiviral effect of plant essential oils against avian infectious bronchitis virus. BMC Vet. Res., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-022-03183-x"},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2007.01.003","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of cinnamaldehyde, derived from Cinnamomi cortex, on the growth of influenza A\/PR\/8 virus In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"74","author":"Hayashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2012.06.007","article-title":"The comparison of \u03b1-bromo-4-chlorocinnamaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde on coxsackie virus B3-induced myocarditis and their mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3181dd3b43","article-title":"Influence of cinnamaldehyde on viral myocarditis in mice","volume":"340","author":"Ding","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y.H., Guo, D.S., Lu, M.H., Yue, J.Y., Liu, Y., Shang, C.M., An, D.R., and Zhao, M.M. (2019). Inhibitory Effect of Osthole from Cnidium monnieri on Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Infection in Nicotiana glutinosa. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25010065"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Sun, P., Wan, S., Guo, J., Zheng, X., Sun, Y., Fan, K., Yin, W., Sun, N., and Li, H. (2020). The combined usage of Matrine and Osthole inhibited endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis induced by PCV2. BMC Microbiol., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-020-01986-2"},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Wan, S., Sun, P., Khan, A., Guo, J., Zheng, X., Sun, Y., Fan, K., Yin, W., and Li, H. (2023). Matrine combined with Osthole inhibited the PERK apoptosis of splenic lymphocytes in PCV2-infected mice model. BMC Vet. Res., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-023-03581-9"},{"key":"ref_192","first-page":"857","article-title":"In Vitro inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication by Mentha suaveolens essential oil and its main component piperitenone oxide","volume":"21","author":"Civitelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phytomed. Int. J. Phytother. Phytopharm."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.2174\/2772434418666221018090507","article-title":"Pulegone: An Emerging Oxygenated Cyclic Monoterpene Ketone Scaffold Delineating Synthesis, Chemical Reactivity, and Biological potential","volume":"18","author":"Dhingra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Recent Adv. Anti-Infect. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1797487","article-title":"Resolution of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"18","author":"Habas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60220-8","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"384","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000534","article-title":"HIV subtype diversity worldwide","volume":"14","author":"Bbosa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. HIV AIDS"},{"key":"ref_197","first-page":"751","article-title":"Influenza: Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"100","author":"Gaitonde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou, T., Netala, V.R., Zhang, H., Xing, Y., Li, H., and Zhang, Z. (2022). Perilla frutescens: A Rich Source of Pharmacological Active Compounds. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27113578"},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2021.0069","article-title":"Eyes on Lipinski\u2019s Rule of Five: A New \u201cRule of Thumb\u201d for Physicochemical Design Space of Ophthalmic Drugs","volume":"38","author":"Karami","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther. Off. J. Assoc. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/29\/14\/3328\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:17:19Z","timestamp":1760109439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/29\/14\/3328"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"references-count":199,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules29143328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules29143328","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]}}}