{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:39:44Z","timestamp":1790095184396,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["PNURSP2024R342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2024R342"]}]},{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["RSPD2024R754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSPD2024R754"]}]},{"name":"King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia","award":["PNURSP2024R342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2024R342"]}]},{"name":"King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia","award":["RSPD2024R754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSPD2024R754"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study reports the synthesis of 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiol-carboxamides (TDTCAs) under mild conditions at room temperature using HBTU as a coupling agent, which significantly improved amide bond formation. The synthesized compounds were characterized using several analytical techniques, including 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and HRMS, confirming their intended structures and structural integrity. A DFT computational study at the B3LYP\/6-31G(d,p) level was conducted on the four synthesized compounds to compare their electronic properties and molecular structures. The results showed that these compounds demonstrated antispasmodic effects on jejunum contractions. Molecular docking revealed that compounds c and d displayed the highest docking scores on potassium and voltage-gated calcium channels and adrenergic receptors. In summary, compounds c and d exhibit antispasmodic effects, potentially blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors and calcium channels, thus providing a scientific basis for their potential use in treating gastrointestinal disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29163855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T09:20:51Z","timestamp":1723627251000},"page":"3855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["An Investigation of Novel Series of 2-Thioxo-1,3-dithiol-carboxamides as Potential Antispasmodic Agents: Design, Synthesis via Coupling Reactions, Density Functional Theory Calculations, and Molecular Docking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Riham","family":"Sghyar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Routed \u2018Imouzzer, B.P. 2202, Fez 30050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8068-7177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mouad","family":"Lahyaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Routed \u2018Imouzzer, B.P. 2202, Fez 30050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6396-2114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noura","family":"Aflak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir 80000, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry\/LAMC, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Cadi Ayyad University, Safi 46030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oussama","family":"Moussaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Routed \u2018Imouzzer, B.P. 2202, Fez 30050, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Extraction and Valorization, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P. 5366, Casablanca 20670, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alae","family":"Chda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Sup\u00e9rieur Des Professions Infirmi\u00e8res Et Techniques de Sant\u00e9, Rabat 60000, Morocco"},{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, FST, USMBA, B.P. 2202, Fez 30050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachid","family":"Bencheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, FST, USMBA, B.P. 2202, Fez 30050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2212-8510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El Mestafa","family":"El Hadrami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Routed \u2018Imouzzer, B.P. 2202, Fez 30050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada Kheira","family":"Sebbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Chemistry and Environment Laboratory, Applied Bioorganic Chemistry Team, Faculty of Science, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Heterocyclic Organic Chemistry, Drug Science Research Center, Pharmacochemistry Competence Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Av. Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014, Rabat 10000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1042-8126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashwag S.","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hefnawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00226a006","article-title":"Determination of sulfur heterocycles in coal liquids and shale oils","volume":"53","author":"Willey","year":"1981","journal-title":"Anal. 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