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Methods: In this review article, we address the incidence of melanoma worldwide and its staging phases. We thoroughly investigate the different melanomas and their associated risk factors. In addition, we underscore the principal therapeutic goals and pharmacological methods that are currently used in the treatment of melanoma. Results: The implementation of targeted therapies has contributed to improving the approach to patients. However, because of the emergence of resistance early in treatment, overall survival and progression-free periods continue to be limited. Conclusions: We provide new insights into plant serine protease inhibitor therapeutics, supporting high-throughput drug screening soon, and seeking a complementary approach to explain crucial mechanisms associated with melanoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29163891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T12:40:07Z","timestamp":1723812007000},"page":"3891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cutaneous Melanoma: An Overview of Physiological and Therapeutic Aspects and Biotechnological Use of Serine Protease Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ana Paula De Ara\u00fajo","family":"Boleti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Protein Purification and Their Biological Functions, Food Technology and Public Health Unit, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8233-0713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Jacobowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Protein Purification and Their Biological Functions, Food Technology and Public Health Unit, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5514-0797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamaeh","family":"Monteiro-Alfredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Protein Purification and Their Biological Functions, Food Technology and Public Health Unit, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9620-861X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula Ramos","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Protein Purification and Their Biological Functions, Food Technology and Public Health Unit, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7346-6328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Luiza Vilela","family":"Oliva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), S\u00e3o Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Durvanei Augusto","family":"Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divis\u00e3o de Ci\u00eancias Fisiol\u00f3gicas e Qu\u00edmicas, Servi\u00e7o de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Butantan, S\u00e3o Paulo 05585-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6969-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria L\u00edgia Rodrigues","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Protein Purification and Their Biological Functions, Food Technology and Public Health Unit, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food, and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25604","article-title":"Melanoma","volume":"120","author":"Scoggins","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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