{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T05:04:50Z","timestamp":1792213490603,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vicia faba L. is a leguminous plant with seeds rich in nutritional compounds, such as polyphenols and L-dopa, a dopamine precursor and first-line treatment for Parkinson\u2019s symptoms. Recently, its by-products have been revalued as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds. In this study, aqueous extracts of Lucan broad bean pod valves (BPs) were characterized to evaluate their potential use as adjuvants in severe Parkinson\u2019s disease. L-dopa content, quantified by LC-UV, was much higher in BPs than in seeds (28.65 mg\/g dw compared to 0.76 mg\/g dw). In addition, vicine and convicine, the metabolites responsible for favism, were not detected in pods. LC-ESI\/LTQ-Orbitrap\/MS2 allowed the identification of the major polyphenolic compounds, including quercetin and catechin equivalents, that could ensure neuroprotection in Parkinson\u2019s disease. ESI(\u00b1)-FT-ICR MS was used to build 2D van Krevelen diagrams; polyphenolic compounds and carbohydrates were the most representative classes. The neuroprotective activity of the extracts after MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells was also investigated. BP extracts were more effective than synthetic L-dopa, even at concentrations up to 100 \u00b5g\/mL, due to the occurrence of antioxidants able to prevent oxidative stress. The stability and antioxidant component of the extracts were then emphasized by using naturally acidic solutions of Punica granatum L., Ribes rubrum L., and gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.) as extraction solvents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29163943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T06:28:51Z","timestamp":1724308131000},"page":"3943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Vicia faba L. Pod Valves: A By-Product with High Potential as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Tesoro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6510-9395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filomena","family":"Lelario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9343-4622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"Piscitelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6960-0715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Di Capua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6379-0332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Della Sala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of the Study of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9445-6006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Montoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9427-2274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuliana","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6103-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Assunta","family":"Acquavia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5378-402X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Dell\u2019Agli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences \u201cRodolfo Paoletti\u201d, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2470-6038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences \u201cRodolfo Paoletti\u201d, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7160-2322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosanna","family":"Ciriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Renna, M., De Cillis, F., Leoni, B., Acciardi, E., and Santamaria, P. 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