{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:56:32Z","timestamp":1790826992710,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Secretar\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Posgrado del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Currently, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious health problem in the world, mainly because of the rapid spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. These include bacteria that produce \u03b2-lactamases, which confer resistance to \u03b2-lactams, the antibiotics with the most prescriptions in the world. Carbapenems are particularly noteworthy because they are considered the ultimate therapeutic option for MDR bacteria. However, this group of antibiotics can also be hydrolyzed by \u03b2-lactamases, including metallo-\u03b2-lactamases (MBLs), which have one or two zinc ions (Zn2+) on the active site and are resistant to common inhibitors of serine \u03b2-lactamases, such as clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam, and avibactam. Therefore, the design of inhibitors against MBLs has been directed toward various compounds, with groups such as nitrogen, thiols, and metal-binding carboxylates, or compounds such as bicyclic boronates that mimic hydrolysis intermediates. Other compounds, such as dipicolinic acid and aspergillomarasmin A, have also been shown to inhibit MBLs by chelating Zn2+. In fact, recent inhibitors are based on Zn2+ chelation, which is an important factor in the mechanism of action of most MBL inhibitors. Therefore, in this review, we analyzed the current strategies for the design and mechanism of action of metal-ion-binding inhibitors that combat MDR bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29163944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T06:28:51Z","timestamp":1724308131000},"page":"3944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Current Strategy for Targeting Metallo-\u03b2-Lactamase with Metal-Ion-Binding Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9564-097X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Ortega-Balleza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas (CONAHCYT), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9327-9658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lenci K.","family":"V\u00e1zquez-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas (CONAHCYT), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3800-0228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eyra","family":"Ortiz-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1121-607X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Avalos-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y de la Vida, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Gen\u00e9tica Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ci\u00e9nega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotl\u00e1n 47810, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alma D.","family":"Paz-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar E.","family":"Lara-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9842-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gildardo","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda Farmac\u00e9utica, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Gen\u00f3mica, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","article-title":"Global Burden of Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance in 2019: A Systematic Analysis","volume":"399","author":"Murray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill, J. 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