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China","award":["232102320298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232102320298"]}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Research Project of Henan, China","award":["HNYJS2020JD06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HNYJS2020JD06"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan, China","award":["231100310200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["231100310200"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan, China","award":["241111314200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["241111314200"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan, China","award":["221111111400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["221111111400"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan, China","award":["2023GGJS046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GGJS046"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan, China","award":["232102320298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232102320298"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan, China","award":["HNYJS2020JD06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HNYJS2020JD06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intracellular biothiols, including cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH), and homocysteine (Hcy), play a critical role in many physiological and pathological processes. Among them, GSH is the most abundant non-protein mercaptan (1\u201310 mM) in cells, and the change in GSH concentration level is closely related to the occurrence of many diseases, such as Parkinson\u2019s disease, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and neurological diseases. Fluorescent probes have attracted much attention due to their advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity, high selectivity, low cost, and high quantum yield. Methods that use optical probes for selective detection of GSH in vitro and in vivo are in high demand. In this paper, we reviewed the most recent five years of research on fluorescence probes for the detection of GSH, including the specific detection of GSH, dual-channel identification of GSH and other substances, and the detection of GSH and other biothiols. According to the type of fluorophore, we classified GSH fluorescent probes into eight classes, including BODIPY, 1,8-Naphthalimide, coumarin, xanthene, rhodamine, cyanine, benzothiazoles, and others. In addition, we roundly discuss the synthesis, detection mechanism, photophysical properties, and biological applications of fluorescent probes. We hope that this review will inspire the exploration of new fluorescent probes for GSH and other related analyses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29184333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T10:15:27Z","timestamp":1726136127000},"page":"4333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Research Progress of Fluorescent Probes for Detection of Glutathione (GSH): Fluorophore, Photophysical Properties, Biological Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinbo","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 511400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyue","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaobin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan International Joint Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Quality Safety Control, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.021634","article-title":"Facts and Recommendations about Total Homocysteine Determinations: An Expert Opinion","volume":"50","author":"Scott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. 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