{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T11:55:12Z","timestamp":1788609312937,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gda\u0144sk University of Technology","award":["DEC-9\/2022\/IDUB\/II.2\/Sc"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEC-9\/2022\/IDUB\/II.2\/Sc"]}]},{"name":"Implementation Doctoral School program at the Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Poland","award":["DEC-9\/2022\/IDUB\/II.2\/Sc"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEC-9\/2022\/IDUB\/II.2\/Sc"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The removal of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) from air was investigated in two similar biotrickling filters (BTFs) packed with polyurethane (PU) foam, differing in terms of inoculation procedure (BTF A was packed with pre-incubated PU discs, and BTF B was inoculated via the continuous recirculation of a liquid inoculum). The effects of white rot fungi enzyme extract addition and system responses to variable VOC loading, liquid trickling patterns, and pH were studied. Positive effects of both packing incubation and enzyme addition on biotrickling filtration performance were identified. BFF A exhibited a shorter start-up period (approximately 20 days) and lower pressure drop (75 \u00b1 6 mm H2O) than BTF B (30 days; 86 \u00b1 5 mm H2O), indicating the superior effects of packing incubation over inoculum circulation during the biotrickling filter start-up. The novel approach of using white rot fungi extracts resulted in fast system recovery and enhanced process performance after the BTF acidification episode. Average BTEX elimination capacities of 28.8 \u00b1 0.4 g\/(m3 h) and 23.1 \u00b1 0.4 g\/(m3 h) were reached for BTF A and BTF B, respectively. This study presents new strategies for controlling and improving the abatement of BTEX in biotrickling filters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29184431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T09:49:19Z","timestamp":1726652959000},"page":"4431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Packing Incubation and Addition of Rot Fungi Extracts Improve BTEX Elimination from Air in Biotrickling Filters"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7875-672X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Rybarczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12 Street, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Cichon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Waste Utilization Facility Ltd. in Gda\u0144sk, Jab\u0142oniowa 55 Street, 80-180 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"},{"name":"Implementation Doctoral School, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12 Street, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5826-922X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Kucharska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12 Street, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6534-438X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik","family":"Dobrzyniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12 Street, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1520-4394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bartosz","family":"Szulczy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12 Street, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4786-8363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"G\u0119bicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11\/12 Street, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10349","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c02022","article-title":"Enhanced Removal of Hydrophobic Short-Chain n-Alkanes from Gas Streams in Biotrickling Filters in Presence of Surfactant","volume":"56","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. 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