{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T16:02:49Z","timestamp":1765382569449,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of Shandong Province","award":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"]}]},{"name":"Youth Innovation Team of Universities in Shandong Province","award":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"]}]},{"name":"Young Talent of Lifting Engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong, China","award":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"]}]},{"name":"Jinan Introducing Innovation Team Project","award":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CXGC010811","22378216","22008174","2023KJ141","SDAST2024QTA005","202228033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Axitinib (AXTN) is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of early to advanced renal cell carcinoma. In this work, solvates of AXTN were prepared in five solvents and subjected to desolvation treatment. The crystal form A of AXTN can form solvates in acetonitrile, DMF, acetic acid, acetic acid + water, and methanol. Different ratios of AXTN and acetic acid will form different products (solvate or directly crystallized into another crystal form (form IV)). The characterization results of thermal analyses confirmed the types of the five solvates. The obtained solvates were desolvated using methods of solid-phase desolvation (heating, exposure to solvent steam, microwave) and solvent-mediated phase transformation (SMPT). The desolvated solids were characterized by PXRD, TGA, DSC, FT-IR, and SEM, and it was ultimately inferred that a new crystal form (form Z) of AXTN could be formed after desolvation. In addition, the solvates obtained in this work experienced mutual transformation via SMPT, which depends on the type of solvents or mixed solvents. The phase transformations of different solid forms were summarized. This study is instructive for exploring solvates and polymorphs of AXTN and understanding phase transitions under different environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29194696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T03:26:36Z","timestamp":1728012396000},"page":"4696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Solvates and Polymorphs of Axitinib: Characterization and Phase Transformation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Yinhu","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shandong Analysis and Test Center), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shandong Analysis and Test Center), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7038-5485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shandong Analysis and Test Center), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiying","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shandong Analysis and Test Center), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8369-2983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shichao","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shandong Analysis and Test Center), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8097-0108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumin","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shandong Analysis and Test Center), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-017-2629-z","article-title":"Randomized phase II trial comparing axitinib with the combination of axitinib and lomustine in patients with recurrent glioblastoma","volume":"136","author":"Duerinck","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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