{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T05:52:13Z","timestamp":1781329933035,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia through Researchers Supporting Project","award":["RSP2024R11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2024R11"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammation is a physiological condition that when unattended causes serious health concerns over the long term. Several phytocompounds have emerged as promising sources of anti-inflammatory agents. Thottea siliquosa is a traditional medicine for inflammatory and toxicity insults; however, this has not been scientifically confirmed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of T. siliquosa methanol leaf extract in a mouse model. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory activities of a plant extract obtained from leaves of T. siliquosa (TSE) with a focus on carrageenan- and formalin-induced paw oedema in mice. The extract\u2019s efficacy was assessed using well-established inflammation models, and the results showed a considerable reduction in paw edema in both cases. In the case of carrageenan model TSE at 50 mg\/kg showed a 53.0 \u00b1 2.5% reduction in edema, while those treated with TSM at 100 mg\/kg exhibited a 60.0 \u00b1 1.8% reduction (p &lt; 0.01). In the case of a formalin model when a higher dose of TSE (100 mg\/kg) was given, paw thickness decreased by 47.04 \u00b1 1.9% on the fifth day and by 64.72 \u00b1 2.2% on the tenth day. LC-MS analysis reported the presence of gallic acid, quinic acid, quercetin, clitorin, myricitrin, retronecine, batatasin II, gingerol, and coumaric acid in the extract. Overall, this study confirms that T. siliquosa extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects in animals and is possibly mediated through the combined effects of these phytochemicals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29204800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T03:53:47Z","timestamp":1728618827000},"page":"4800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Methanol Extract of Thottea siliquosa (Lam.) Ding Hou Leaves Inhibits Carrageenan- and Formalin-Induced Paw Edema in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Aneeta","family":"Renny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph\u2019s College (Autonomous), Calicut (Affiliated to University of Calicut) 673008, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5322-5188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jameema","family":"Sidhic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Division, PG & Research Department of Botany, St. Joseph\u2019s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3911-7540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alby","family":"Tom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph\u2019s College (Autonomous), Calicut (Affiliated to University of Calicut) 673008, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5482-8108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aswathi Moothakoottil","family":"Kuttithodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph\u2019s College (Autonomous), Calicut (Affiliated to University of Calicut) 673008, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6693-1965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joice Tom","family":"Job","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph\u2019s College (Autonomous), Calicut (Affiliated to University of Calicut) 673008, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajakrishnan","family":"Rajagopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Alfarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6232-1665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arunaksharan","family":"Narayanankutty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph\u2019s College (Autonomous), Calicut (Affiliated to University of Calicut) 673008, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1007\/s11515-011-1123-9","article-title":"An overview of inflammation: Mechanism and consequences","volume":"6","author":"Ahmed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. 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