{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T17:14:31Z","timestamp":1770743671060,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]],"date-time":"2024-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["NSTC-109-2628-E-002-007-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC-109-2628-E-002-007-MY3"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 110-2320-B-158-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 110-2320-B-158-001"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["111AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan","award":["112AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"]}]},{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiwan","award":["NSTC-109-2628-E-002-007-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC-109-2628-E-002-007-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 110-2320-B-158-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 110-2320-B-158-001"]}]},{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiwan","award":["111AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"]}]},{"name":"Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiwan","award":["112AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112AS-6.3.1-AI-A1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Botryocladia leptopoda is a red macroalga known for its bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-regenerative properties. The study aimed to examine their effects on UV protection, collagen synthesis, fibroblast proliferation, and pigmentation modulation. Bioactive compounds were extracted using two solvents, producing ethanol extract (FE) and alkaline extracts (AE). Methods involved characterizing extracts using mass spectrometry and assessing their effects on human fibroblasts under UVB-induced damage. UV absorbance, ROS production, and collagen synthesis were evaluated. The FE extract, which comprised 4-hydroxyquinoline, phytosphingosine, and docosapentaenoic acid, reinstated procollagen type I synthesis to 113% of baseline levels and reduced TGF-\u03b21-mediated fibroblast proliferation to 87.78%. FE also suppressed Smad2 and \u03b1-SMA by 71% and 68%, respectively, indicating modulation of fibrosis-associated pathways. AE, containing 4-hydroxyquinoline and phenylalanine betaine, demonstrated dose-responsive cellular repair, reducing fibroblast proliferation to 97.86% and collagen Type I expression by 73% at 1000 \u03bcg\/mL. Both extracts decreased ROS production, with FE and AE reducing levels by 21.4% and 19.7%, respectively, under UVB-induced oxidative stress. FE showed superior scar inhibition, while AE excelled in skin regeneration and pigmentation management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29235688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T10:52:30Z","timestamp":1733223150000},"page":"5688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparative Efficacy of Botryocladia leptopoda Extracts in Scar Inhibition and Skin Regeneration: A Study on UV Protection, Collagen Synthesis, and Fibroblast Proliferation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Chen-Che","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No. 142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsung-Kai","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Keelung 20246, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Feng","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Keelung 20246, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-1864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin-Ping","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11042, Taiwan"},{"name":"Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Chieh","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Keelung 20246, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7634-2189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Chieh","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jheng-Jhe","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huey-Jine","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seafood Technology Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Keelung 20246, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0387-7804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuan-Chen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 413, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"478","article-title":"Exploring Marine-Derived Bioactives for Innovative Cosmeceutical Applications: A review","volume":"16","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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