{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:00:35Z","timestamp":1791475235054,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":195,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32072344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32072344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32272455"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272455"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023000CC0140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023000CC0140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023000CB0010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023000CB0010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023M733887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M733887"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Scientific project of Beijing Life Science Academy","award":["82101506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101506"]}]},{"name":"Scientific project of Beijing Life Science Academy","award":["32072344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32072344"]}]},{"name":"Scientific project of Beijing Life Science Academy","award":["32272455"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272455"]}]},{"name":"Scientific project of Beijing Life Science Academy","award":["2023000CC0140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023000CC0140"]}]},{"name":"Scientific project of Beijing Life Science Academy","award":["2023000CB0010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023000CB0010"]}]},{"name":"Scientific project of Beijing Life Science Academy","award":["2023M733887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M733887"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32072344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32072344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32272455"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272455"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023000CC0140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023000CC0140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023000CB0010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023000CB0010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023M733887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M733887"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), and Huntington\u2019s disease (HD) have become a major global health burden, but the detailed pathogeneses of neurodegenerative diseases are still unknown, and current treatments are mainly aimed at controlling symptoms; there are no curative treatments for neurodegenerative diseases or treatments for the progressive cognitive, behavioral, and functional impairments that they cause. Studies have shown that some plant extracts with pungent flavor components have a certain neuroprotective effect in neurodegenerative diseases, and their mechanisms mainly involve inhibiting neuronal apoptosis, promoting neuronal regeneration, reducing mitochondrial degeneration, and reducing the production of oxides such as reactive oxygen species in cells, which are of great significance for exploring the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we searched the PubMed database for relevant literature collected in the past 15 years. Finally, we summarized the protective effects of pungent flavor components such as capsaicin, piperine, curcumin, cannabinoids, allicin, and nicotine on the nervous system, focusing on the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that they activate. In addition, we also compiled and summarized the laboratory experiments, preclinical experiments, and effects of various pungent flavor components in neurodegenerative diseases. The goal is to further explore their potential as effective drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and provide new ideas for further research on the specific protective mechanisms of these substances for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and the targets of drug action in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29235700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T10:52:30Z","timestamp":1733223150000},"page":"5700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Potential Protective Effects of Pungent Flavor Components in Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Fangxin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing 102209, China"},{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xudi","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing 102209, China"},{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing 102209, China"},{"name":"Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing 102209, China"},{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing 102209, China"},{"name":"Flavour Science Research Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.030205","article-title":"Neurodegenerative disease: Models, mechanisms, and a new hope","volume":"10","author":"Gitler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.14506.1","article-title":"Current understanding of Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis and treatment","volume":"7","author":"Weller","year":"2018","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Twarowski, B., and Herbet, M. (2023). Inflammatory Processes in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Pathomechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076518"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Passeri, E., Elkhoury, K., Morsink, M., Broersen, K., Linder, M., Tamayol, A., Malaplate, C., Yen, F.T., and Arab-Tehrany, E. (2022). Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213954"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"297","article-title":"Proposal for a Biologic Staging System of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"13","author":"Chahine","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Park. Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"397","author":"Scheltens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1517\/13543776.2012.701619","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors: A patent review (2007\u20132011)","volume":"22","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Pat."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2023.109737","article-title":"Memantine: Updating a rare success story in pro-cognitive therapeutics","volume":"244","author":"Parsons","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101834","article-title":"Premotor, nonmotor and motor symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A new clinical state of the art","volume":"84","author":"Diogenes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2017-0028","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease psychosis: Presentation, diagnosis and management","volume":"7","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurodegener. Dis. Manag."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathmechdis-031521-034145","article-title":"Genetics and Pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Ye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2023.03.017","article-title":"Advancing cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"30","author":"Temple","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26082","article-title":"Levodopa therapy for Parkinson\u2019s disease: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"30","author":"LeWitt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57193-5_4","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s Disease: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets","volume":"15","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerkhof, L.M.C., van de Warrenburg, B.P.C., van Roon-Mom, W.M.C., and Buijsen, R.A.M. (2023). Therapeutic Strategies for Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1. Biomolecules, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13050788"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-021-01093-3","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s Disease: New Frontiers in Therapeutics","volume":"21","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2021-003074","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s disease: Diagnosis and management","volume":"22","author":"Stoker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pract. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12841","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s disease: From basic science to therapeutics","volume":"24","author":"Cepeda","year":"2018","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R254","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddab170","article-title":"Huntington\u2019s disease: Nearly four decades of human molecular genetics","volume":"30","author":"Gusella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.12.023","article-title":"Dietary fibre confers therapeutic effects in a preclinical model of Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"116","author":"Gubert","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.109925","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of transient receptor potential Vanilloid 1 agonist capsaicin in Alzheimer\u2019s disease model induced with okadaic acid","volume":"118","author":"Cakir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.06.051","article-title":"Downregulation of PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway in curcumin-induced autophagy in APP\/PS1 double transgenic mice","volume":"740","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60823","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11661","article-title":"Piperine induces autophagy by enhancing protein phosphotase 2A activity in a rotenone-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease model","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4263","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14019","article-title":"Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid is a potent PPAR\u03b3 agonist with neuroprotective activity","volume":"174","author":"Nadal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong, Y., Bi, W., Zheng, K., Zhu, E., Wang, S., Xiong, Y., Chang, J., Jiang, J., Liu, B., and Lu, Z. (2020). Nicotine Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Hippocampal Neuronal Injury Through \u03b17-nAChR\/Erk1\/2 Signaling Pathway. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2020.557647"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2016.01.002","article-title":"Positive modulators of the \u03b17 nicotinic receptor against neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"144","author":"Echeverria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2017.05.017","article-title":"Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling plays an essential role in \u03b17 nicotinic receptor-mediated neuroprotection of dopaminergic neurons in a mouse Parkinson\u2019s disease model","volume":"140","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2014.02.005","article-title":"Pharmacological chaperoning of nAChRs: A therapeutic target for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"83","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chapa-Oliver, A.M., and Mejia-Teniente, L. (2016). Capsaicin: From Plants to a Cancer-Suppressing Agent. Molecules, 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21080931"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5322","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2021.1884840","article-title":"Extraction, purification, bioactivity and pharmacological effects of capsaicin: A review","volume":"62","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-016-0353-7","article-title":"Understand spiciness: Mechanism of TRPV1 channel activation by capsaicin","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2013.772090","article-title":"Biological Activities of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Its Pungent Principle Capsaicin: A Review","volume":"56","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-121837","article-title":"Capsaicin ameliorates stress-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like pathological and cognitive impairments in rats","volume":"35","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, J., Liu, H., Zhao, Z., Wang, J., Guo, D., and Liu, Y. (2020). Regulation of Actg1 and Gsta2 is possible mechanism by which capsaicin alleviates apoptosis in cell model of 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease. Biosci. Rep., 40.","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20191796"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-151079","article-title":"The Associations between a Capsaicin-Rich Diet and Blood Amyloid-\u03b2 Levels and Cognitive Function","volume":"52","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chahl, L.A. (2024). TRPV1 Channels in the Central Nervous System as Drug Targets. Pharmaceuticals, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17060756"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddz276","article-title":"Ca2+-permeable TRPV1 pain receptor knockout rescues memory deficits and reduces amyloid-\u03b2 and tau in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-023-00935-z","article-title":"TRPV1 regulates ApoE4-disrupted intracellular lipid homeostasis and decreases synaptic phagocytosis by microglia","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-022-01037-x","article-title":"TRPV1 stimulation increased oxidative neurotoxicity and apoptosis in the glia cell membrane but not in the perinuclear area: An evidence of TRPV1 subtype","volume":"37","author":"Oz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadk1679","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adk1679","article-title":"A chemogenetic screen reveals that Trpv1-expressing neurons control regulatory T cells in the gut","volume":"385","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2024.102870","article-title":"TRPV1: Receptor structure, activation, modulation and role in neuro-immune interactions and pain","volume":"119","author":"Maximiano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"1544244","article-title":"TRPV1 Modulator Ameliorates Alzheimer-Like Amyloid-beta Neuropathology via Akt\/Gsk3beta-Mediated Nrf2 Activation in the Neuro-2a\/APP Cell Model","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-00918-y","article-title":"Capsaicin consumption reduces brain amyloid-beta generation and attenuates Alzheimer\u2019s disease-type pathology and cognitive deficits in APP\/PS1 mice","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52013","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.202052013","article-title":"TRPV1 sustains microglial metabolic reprogramming in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13113","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13113","article-title":"TRPV1 activation alleviates cognitive and synaptic plasticity impairments through inhibiting AMPAR endocytosis in APP23\/PS45 mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Huang, W., Lu, J., Chen, H., and Yu, Z. (2021). TRPV1-Mediated Microglial Autophagy Attenuates Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Associated Pathology and Cognitive Decline. Front. Pharmacol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.763866"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Q., Yao, H., Liu, W., Ya, B., Cheng, H., Xing, Z., and Wu, Y. (2021). Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target. Front. Aging Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.772717"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e298","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2016.159","article-title":"Capsaicin prevents degeneration of dopamine neurons by inhibiting glial activation and oxidative stress in the MPTP model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"49","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2388-4","article-title":"Capsaicin Protects Against Oxidative Insults and Alleviates Behavioral Deficits in Rats with 6-OHDA-Induced Parkinson\u2019s Disease via Activation of TRPV1","volume":"42","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5093493","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5093493","article-title":"Functional Crosstalk between CB and TRPV1 Receptors Protects Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons in the MPTP Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"2020","author":"Wi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-018-0111-4","article-title":"Modulation of M1\/M2 polarization by capsaicin contributes to the survival of dopaminergic neurons in the lipopolysaccharide-lesioned substantia nigra in vivo","volume":"50","author":"Bok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2012.07.001","article-title":"Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 contributes to mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal survival by inhibiting microglia-originated oxidative stress","volume":"89","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02484-0","article-title":"A breakdown in microglial metabolic reprogramming causes internalization dysfunction of alpha-synuclein in a mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflam."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.5607\/en.2019.28.2.289","article-title":"Delayed Treatment of Capsaicin Produces Partial Motor Recovery by Enhancing Dopamine Function in MPP+-lesioned Rats via Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24013","article-title":"p70S6K on astrocytes protects dopamine neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium neurotoxicity","volume":"69","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1556\/018.69.2018.2.1","article-title":"Effect of capsaicin on the oxidative stress and dopamine content in the transgenic Drosophila model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"69","author":"Siddique","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biol. Hung."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.05.024","article-title":"Arvanil, a hybrid endocannabinoid and vanilloid compound, behaves as an antihyperkinetic agent in a rat model of Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"1050","author":"Urbani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05717.x","article-title":"Cannabidiol reduced the striatal atrophy caused 3-nitropropionic acid in vivo by mechanisms independent of the activation of cannabinoid, vanilloid TRPV1 and adenosine A2A receptors","volume":"26","author":"Sagredo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01595.x","article-title":"Compounds acting at the endocannabinoid and\/or endovanilloid systems reduce hyperkinesia in a rat model of Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"84","author":"Makriyannis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"179","article-title":"Capsaicin May Improve Swallowing Impairment in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"76","author":"Higashi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Medica Okayama"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2009.01.012","article-title":"Capsaicin promotes the amyloidogenic route of brain amyloid precursor protein processing","volume":"54","author":"Pakaski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X18666200720172624","article-title":"Phytocannabinoids: General Aspects and Pharmacological Potential in Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"19","author":"Smid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zou, S., and Kumar, U. (2018). Cannabinoid Receptors and the Endocannabinoid System: Signaling and Function in the Central Nervous System. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030833"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12492","article-title":"Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration: Yo antibody alters mitochondrial calcium buffering capacity","volume":"45","author":"Panja","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2015.11","article-title":"The CB1 cannabinoid receptor signals striatal neuroprotection via a PI3K\/Akt\/mTORC1\/BDNF pathway","volume":"22","author":"Chiarlone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021441","article-title":"Beyond THC and Endocannabinoids","volume":"60","author":"Pacher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-02054-6","article-title":"Current Aspects of the Endocannabinoid System and Targeted THC and CBD Phytocannabinoids as Potential Therapeutics for Parkinson\u2019s and Alzheimer\u2019s Diseases: A Review","volume":"57","author":"Cooray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4330","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15185","article-title":"A systematic review of minor phytocannabinoids with promising neuroprotective potential","volume":"177","author":"Stone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2015.0617","article-title":"Potential Therapeutical Contributions of the Endocannabinoid System towards Aging and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"6","author":"Yannick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23694","article-title":"Potentiation of cannabinoid signaling in microglia by adenosine A2A receptor antagonists","volume":"67","author":"Franco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12492","article-title":"The influence of cannabinoids on generic traits of neurodegeneration","volume":"171","author":"Fagan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24312","article-title":"Altered glial expression of the cannabinoid 1 receptor in the subiculum of a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"71","author":"Terradillos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab310","article-title":"Enhancing endocannabinoid signalling in astrocytes promotes recovery from traumatic brain injury","volume":"145","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7719","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1637-8","article-title":"Efficacy of Cannabinoids in a Pre-Clinical Drug-Screening Platform for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"56","author":"Schubert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X16666180302115032","article-title":"Insight Into the Emerging Role of Striatal Neurotransmitters in the Pathophysiology of Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Huntington\u2019s Disease: A Review","volume":"17","author":"Jamwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-015-0012-0","article-title":"Promising cannabinoid-based therapies for Parkinson\u2019s disease: Motor symptoms to neuroprotection","volume":"10","author":"More","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5900","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1495-4","article-title":"Targeting CB1 and GPR55 Endocannabinoid Receptors as a Potential Neuroprotective Approach for Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"56","author":"Aguinaga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Espadas, I., Keifman, E., Palomo-Garo, C., Burgaz, S., Garc\u00eda, C., Fern\u00e1ndez-Ruiz, J., and Moratalla, R. (2020). Beneficial effects of the phytocannabinoid \u03949-THCV in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neurobiol. Dis., 141.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.104892"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25864","article-title":"Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s Disease are Reduced by Nabilone","volume":"88","author":"Peball","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29447","article-title":"Cognitive Safety Data from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Phase IIb Study of the Effects of a Cannabidiol and \u03949-Tetrahydrocannabinol Drug on Parkinson\u2019s Disease-Related Motor Symptoms","volume":"38","author":"Domen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"103","article-title":"Endocannabinoid signaling in brain diseases: Emerging relevance of glial cells","volume":"71","author":"Tepavcevic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"1370","article-title":"The biomedical challenge of neurodegenerative disorders: An opportunity for cannabinoid-based therapies to improve on the poor current therapeutic outcomes","volume":"176","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24281","article-title":"Endocannabinoid signaling in microglia","volume":"71","author":"Marinelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandez-Lazaro, D., Mielgo-Ayuso, J., Cordova Martinez, A., and Seco-Calvo, J. (2020). Iron and Physical Activity: Bioavailability Enhancers, Properties of Black Pepper (Bioperine\u00ae) and Potential Applications. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061886"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s43088-022-00196-1","article-title":"Molecular and pharmacological aspects of piperine as a potential molecule for disease prevention and management: Evidence from clinical trials","volume":"11","author":"Tripathi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Beni-Suef Univ. J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azam, S., Park, J.-Y., Kim, I.-S., and Choi, D.-K. (2022). Piperine and Its Metabolite\u2019s Pharmacology in Neurodegenerative and Neurological Diseases. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10010154"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3698","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-018-1180-3","article-title":"Oral Brain-Targeted Microemulsion for Enhanced Piperine Delivery in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Therapy: In Vitro Appraisal, In Vivo Activity, and Nanotoxicity","volume":"19","author":"Etman","year":"2018","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-014-0028-y","article-title":"Methanolic Extract of Piper nigrum Fruits Improves Memory Impairment by Decreasing Brain Oxidative Stress in Amyloid Beta(1\u201342) Rat Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"34","author":"Hritcu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112385","article-title":"Identification and optimization of piperine analogues as neuroprotective agents for the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease via the activation of Nrf2\/keap1 pathway","volume":"199","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.211194","article-title":"Neuroprotective potential of quercetin in combination with piperine against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"12","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2012.03.018","article-title":"Anti-apoptotic and Anti-inflammatory effect of Piperine on 6-OHDA induced Parkinson\u2019s Rat model","volume":"24","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2021.1937897","article-title":"Piperine promotes autophagy flux by P2RX4 activation in SNCA\/\u03b1-synuclein-induced Parkinson disease model","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5473","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-021-02497-5","article-title":"Piperine Improves Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis Rats Through its Neuroprotective, Anti-inflammatory, and Antioxidant Effects","volume":"58","author":"Nasrnezhad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Hu, Q., Wang, W., Lu, S., Wu, D., Ze, S., He, J., Huang, Y., Chen, W., and Xu, Y. (2020). Natural product piperine alleviates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in mice by targeting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Biochem. Pharmacol., 177.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.114000"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2015.2356","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of piperine on the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-015-1658-2","article-title":"Piperine Enhances the Protective Effect of Curcumin Against 3-NP Induced Neurotoxicity: Possible Neurotransmitters Modulation Mechanism","volume":"40","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01164-6","article-title":"Protective effects of curcumin and Ginkgo biloba extract combination on a new model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"31","author":"Assi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, Y., Dai, Y., Li, L., Geng, F., Xu, Y., Wang, J., Wang, S., and Zhao, J. (2021). Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates Alzheimer\u2019s pathological phenotypes by inhibition of microglial cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via Ras\/ERK signaling. Biomed. Pharmacother., 139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111651"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nebrisi, E.E. (2021). Neuroprotective Activities of Curcumin in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A Review of the Literature. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222011248"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yanagisawa, D., Kato, T., Taguchi, H., Shirai, N., Hirao, K., Sogabe, T., Tomiyama, T., Gamo, K., Hirahara, Y., and Kitada, M. (2021). Keto form of curcumin derivatives strongly binds to Abeta oligomers but not fibrils. Biomaterials, 270.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.120686"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1566","article-title":"Effects of curcumin on mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"46","author":"Bagheri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biofactors"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pluta, R., U\u0142amek-Kozio\u0142, M., and Czuczwar, S. (2018). Neuroprotective and Neurological\/Cognitive Enhancement Effects of Curcumin after Brain Ischemia Injury with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Phenotype. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19124002"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.11.008","article-title":"Activating Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling pathway for disease therapy: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"196","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13101","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13101","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease, aging and adult neurogenesis: Wnt\/beta-catenin signalling as the key to unlock the mystery of endogenous brain repair","volume":"19","author":"Marchetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_105","first-page":"1","article-title":"Therapeutic role of curcumin in adult neurogenesis for management of psychiatric and neurological disorders: A scientometric study to an in-depth review","volume":"63","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2022.113091","article-title":"Curcumin can improve Parkinson\u2019s disease via activating BDNF\/PI3k\/Akt signaling pathways","volume":"164","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153664","article-title":"Natural products attenuate PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway: A promising strategy in regulating neurodegeneration","volume":"91","author":"Fakhri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100942","article-title":"Shaping the Nrf2-ARE-related pathways in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases","volume":"54","author":"Fao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, F., Na, L., Li, Y., and Chen, L. (2020). Roles of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signalling pathways in neurodegenerative diseases and tumours. Cell Biosci., 10.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-020-00416-0"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt265","article-title":"Dietary regulation of PI3K\/AKT\/GSK-3beta pathway in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Kitagishi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9802-9","article-title":"Curcumin Ameliorates Memory Decline via Inhibiting BACE1 Expression and \u03b2-Amyloid Pathology in 5\u00d7FAD Transgenic Mice","volume":"54","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2017.1358139","article-title":"Immune modulation by curcumin: The role of interleukin-10","volume":"59","author":"Mollazadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z.J., Li, Z.H., Liu, L., Tang, W.X., Wang, Y., Dong, M.R., and Xiao, C. (2016). Curcumin Attenuates Beta-Amyloid-Induced Neuroinflammation via Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Gamma Function in a Rat Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Front. Pharmacol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00261"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammadi, A., Blesso, C.N., Barreto, G.E., Banach, M., Majeed, M., and Sahebkar, A. (2019). Macrophage plasticity, polarization and function in response to curcumin, a diet-derived polyphenol, as an immunomodulatory agent. J. Nutr. Biochem., 66.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2018.12.005"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campisi, A., Sposito, G., Pellitteri, R., Santonocito, D., Bisicchia, J., Raciti, G., Russo, C., Nardiello, P., Pignatello, R., and Casamenti, F. (2022). Effect of Unloaded and Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on Tissue Transglutaminase Isoforms Expression Levels in an Experimental Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11101863"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-03089-7","article-title":"Formulation and Development of Curcumin-Piperine-Loaded S-SNEDDS for the Treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"60","author":"Ahmad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.03.010","article-title":"Multifunctional LUV liposomes decorated for BBB and amyloid targeting\u2014B. In vivo brain targeting potential in wild-type and APP\/PS1 mice","volume":"102","author":"Papadia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.05.062","article-title":"Rosmarinic acid- and curcumin-loaded polyacrylamide-cardiolipin-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles with conjugated 83-14 monoclonal antibody to protect beta-amyloid-insulted neurons","volume":"91","author":"Kuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7481","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NR01255A","article-title":"Curcumin-primed exosomes potently ameliorate cognitive function in AD mice by inhibiting hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein through the AKT\/GSK-3\u03b2 pathway","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4256","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00675","article-title":"In Vitro and In Vivo Comparison of Curcumin-Encapsulated Chitosan-Coated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticles and Curcumin\/Hydroxypropyl-beta-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Administered Intranasally as Therapeutic Strategies for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-018-0570-0","article-title":"Curcumin-loaded self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion system: Part II: In vivo safety and efficacy assessment against behavior deficit in Alzheimer disease","volume":"8","author":"Parikh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1021\/nn405077y","article-title":"Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles potently induce adult neurogenesis and reverse cognitive deficits in Alzheimer\u2019s disease model via canonical Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway","volume":"8","author":"Tiwari","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.07.041","article-title":"Curcumin derivative with the substitution at C-4 position, but not curcumin, is effective against amyloid pathology in APP\/PS1 mice","volume":"36","author":"Yanagisawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13805","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on the cerebellum in a rotenone-induced Parkinson\u2019s Disease Model","volume":"28","author":"Fikry","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-2322-6","article-title":"Pharmacological enhancement of TFEB-mediated autophagy alleviated neuronal death in oxidative stress-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease models","volume":"11","author":"Zhuang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2014.06.022","article-title":"CNB-001, a novel pyrazole derivative mitigates motor impairments associated with neurodegeneration via suppression of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic response in experimental Parkinson\u2019s disease mice","volume":"220","author":"Jayaraj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El Nebrisi, E., Javed, H., Ojha, S.K., Oz, M., and Shehab, S. (2020). Neuroprotective Effect of Curcumin on the Nigrostriatal Pathway in a 6-Hydroxydopmine-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease is Mediated by \u03b17-Nicotinic Receptors. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197329"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2038267","article-title":"Curcumin Effectively Rescued Parkinson\u2019s Disease-Like Phenotypes in a Novel Drosophila melanogaster Model with dUCH Knockdown","volume":"2018","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, C., Han, Y., Li, H., Yu, H., Zhang, B., and Li, G. (2022). Curcumin-driven reprogramming of the gut microbiota and metabolome ameliorates motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.887407"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaba3967","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba3967","article-title":"Targeted exosome coating gene-chem nanocomplex as \u201cnanoscavenger\u201d for clearing alpha-synuclein and immune activation of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9781323","DOI":"10.34133\/2022\/9781323","article-title":"Ultrasmall Coordination Polymers for Alleviating ROS-Mediated Inflammatory and Realizing Neuroprotection against Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"2022","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geng, X., Zhang, H., Hu, M., Liu, X., Han, M., Xie, J., Li, Z., Zhao, F., Liu, W., and Wei, S. (2022). A novel curcumin oil solution can better alleviate the motor activity defects and neuropathological damage of a Parkinson\u2019s disease mouse model. Front. Aging Neurosci., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.984895"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mursaleen, L., Chan, S.H.Y., Noble, B., Somavarapu, S., and Zariwala, M.G. (2023). Curcumin and N-Acetylcysteine Nanocarriers Alone or Combined with Deferoxamine Target the Mitochondria and Protect against Neurotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in a Co-Culture Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease. Antioxidants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12010130"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simeonova, R., Atanasova, M., Stavrakov, G., Philipova, I., and Doytchinova, I. (2022). Ex Vivo Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibiting Effects of a Novel Galantamine-Curcumin Hybrid on Scopolamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314843"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-021-00769-9","article-title":"Preservation of dendritic spine morphology and postsynaptic signaling markers after treatment with solid lipid curcumin particles in the 5\u00d7FAD mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s amyloidosis","volume":"13","author":"Maiti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8947","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16855","article-title":"Curcumin improves memory deficits by inhibiting HMGB1-RAGE\/TLR4-NF-kappaB signalling pathway in APPswe\/PS1dE9 transgenic mice hippocampus","volume":"25","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urano, Y., Takahachi, M., Higashiura, R., Fujiwara, H., Funamoto, S., Imai, S., Futai, E., Okuda, M., Sugimoto, H., and Noguchi, N. (2020). Curcumin Derivative GT863 Inhibits Amyloid-Beta Production via Inhibition of Protein N-Glycosylation. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9020349"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubey, T., Sonawane, S.K., Mannava, M.C., Nangia, A.K., Chandrashekar, M., and Chinnathambi, S. (2023). The inhibitory effect of Curcumin-Artemisinin co-amorphous on Tau aggregation and Tau phosphorylation. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces, 221.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2022.112970"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.01.010","article-title":"Curcumin analogues attenuate Abeta(25\u201335)-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells via Keap1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathways","volume":"305","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buccarello, L., Dragotto, J., Iorio, F., Hassanzadeh, K., Corbo, M., and Feligioni, M. (2020). The pivotal role of SUMO-1-JNK-Tau axis in an in vitro model of oxidative stress counteracted by the protective effect of curcumin. Biochem. Pharmacol., 178.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.114066"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thota, R.N., Rosato, J.I., Dias, C.B., Burrows, T.L., Martins, R.N., and Garg, M.L. (2020). Dietary Supplementation with Curcumin Reduce Circulating Levels of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3beta and Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in Adults with High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12041032"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-017-0402-8","article-title":"Curcumin affords neuroprotection and inhibits alpha-synuclein aggregation in lipopolysaccharide-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease model","volume":"26","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Li, K., Wang, X., Smith, A.M., Ning, B., Liu, Z., Liu, C., Ross, C.A., and Smith, W.W. (2021). Curcumin Reduced H2O2- and G2385R-LRRK2-Induced Neurodegeneration. Front. Aging Neurosci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.754956"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9843-0","article-title":"Curcumin Rescues a PINK1 Knock Down SH-SY5Y Cellular Model of Parkinson\u2019s Disease from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cell Death","volume":"54","author":"Engelbrecht","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.12.015","article-title":"Features and outcomes of drugs for combination therapy as multi-targets strategy to combat Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"215","author":"Sahoo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_146","first-page":"14","article-title":"Evaluation of the intensity of cigarette odors based on the perception of consumers","volume":"9","author":"Zervas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tob. Prev. Cessat."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2019_252","article-title":"Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Nicotine Pharmacology and Dependence","volume":"Volume 258","author":"Fowler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0725-1","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of nicotine on interleukin 1\u03b2 activated human astrocytes and the role of cyclooxygenase 2 in the underlying mechanism","volume":"13","author":"Revathikumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflam."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.05.020","article-title":"Psychiatric Drugs Bind to Classical Targets Within Early Exocytotic Pathways: Therapeutic Effects","volume":"72","author":"Lester","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.03.014","article-title":"Neural Systems Governed by Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: Emerging Hypotheses","volume":"70","author":"Julie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barreto, G.E., Iarkov, A., and Moran, V.E. (2015). Beneficial effects of nicotine, cotinine and its metabolites as potential agents for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Front. Aging Neurosci., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00340"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.11.018","article-title":"Role of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology and treatment","volume":"96","author":"Lombardo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty116","article-title":"Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s Dementia: An Update","volume":"21","author":"Hoskin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.00874.x","article-title":"Chronic nicotine treatment reduces \u03b2-amyloidosis in the brain of a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (APPsw)","volume":"81","author":"Nordberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.04.009","article-title":"Smoking and increased Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk: A review of potential mechanisms","volume":"10","author":"Durazzo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1210-x","article-title":"Neuropathology of cigarette smoking","volume":"127","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30230-7","article-title":"The epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease: Risk factors and prevention","volume":"15","author":"Ascherio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2015.08.004","article-title":"Association between cigarette smoking and Parkinson\u2019s disease: A meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa186","article-title":"Dietary nicotine intake and risk of Parkinson disease: A prospective study","volume":"112","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25882","article-title":"Gut feelings about smoking and coffee in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Derkinderen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0625-y","article-title":"Nicotine promotes neuron survival and partially protects from Parkinson\u2019s disease by suppressing SIRT6","volume":"6","author":"Nicholatos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.012","article-title":"Astrocytes in Parkinson\u2019s disease: From preclinical assays to in vivo imaging and therapeutic probes","volume":"95","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2015.06.014","article-title":"Alpha7 nicotinic receptors as therapeutic targets for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"97","author":"Quik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.11.028","article-title":"Activation of \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors protects astrocytes against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis: Implications for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.06.028","article-title":"Attenuated dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction in hemiparkinsonian mice lacking the \u03b15 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit","volume":"138","author":"Leino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000879","article-title":"Parkinson disease and smoking revisited: Ease of quitting is an early sign of the disease","volume":"83","author":"Ritz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_167","first-page":"237","article-title":"Allicin can reduce neuronal death and ameliorate the spatial memory impairment in Alzheimer\u2019s disease models","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosciences"},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.06.002","article-title":"Allicin improves endoplasmic reticulum stress-related cognitive deficits via PERK\/Nrf2 antioxidative signaling pathway","volume":"762","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17697","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules191117697","article-title":"Evaluating the anti-neuroinflammatory capacity of raw and steamed garlic as well as five organosulfur compounds","volume":"19","author":"Ho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1159\/000430271","article-title":"Allicin Protects PC12 Cells Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamal, R.M., Abdull Razis, A.F., Mohd Sukri, N.S., Perimal, E.K., Ahmad, H., Patrick, R., Djedaini-Pilard, F., Mazzon, E., and Rigaud, S. (2022). Beneficial Health Effects of Glucosinolates-Derived Isothiocyanates on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27030624"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2015.08.001","article-title":"An overview on neuroprotective effects of isothiocyanates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"106","author":"Giacoppo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, F., Joshi, A., Devkota, H.P., Subramaniyan, V., Kumarasamy, V., and Arora, J. (2023). Dietary glucosinolates derived isothiocyanates: Chemical properties, metabolism and their potential in prevention of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Front. Pharmacol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1214881"},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1800240","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201800240","article-title":"Sulforaphane Upregulates the Heat Shock Protein Co-Chaperone CHIP and Clears Amyloid-\u03b2 and Tau in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"62","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-171110","article-title":"Sulforaphane Inhibits the Generation of Amyloid-\u03b2 Oligomer and Promotes Spatial Learning and Memory in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (PS1V97L) Transgenic Mice","volume":"62","author":"Hou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2020.100871","article-title":"PPAR\u03b4 and its ligand erucic acid may act anti-tumoral, neuroprotective, and myelin protective in neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"78","author":"Altinoz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Asp. Med."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-019-00500-6","article-title":"Erucic acid, a nutritional PPAR\u03b4-ligand may influence Huntington\u2019s disease pathogenesis","volume":"35","author":"Altinoz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dawkins, E., Derks, R.J.E., Schifferer, M., Trambauer, J., Winkler, E., Simons, M., Paquet, D., Giera, M., Kamp, F., and Steiner, H. (2023). Membrane lipid remodeling modulates gamma-secretase processivity. J. Biol. Chem., 299.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.103027"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fratianni, F., Amato, G., De Feo, V., d\u2019Acierno, A., Coppola, R., and Nazzaro, F. (2023). Potential therapeutic benefits of unconventional oils: Assessment of the potential in vitro biological properties of some Rubiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Brassicaceae seed oils. Front. Nutr., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1171766"},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612829666230222093016","article-title":"A review on garlic as a supplement for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A mechanistic insight in its direct and indirect effects","volume":"29","author":"Ghazimoradi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_181","first-page":"419","article-title":"Erucic Acid: A Possible Therapeutic Agent for Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"23","author":"Goyal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.01.057","article-title":"PPAR-delta and erucic acid in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Likely benefits in terms of immunity and metabolism","volume":"69","author":"Altinoz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2020.1831262","article-title":"A review on neuropharmacological role of erucic acid: An omega-9 fatty acid from edible oils","volume":"25","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2336","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.13016","article-title":"Cuminaldehyde as the Major Component of Cuminum cyminum, a Natural Aldehyde with Inhibitory Effect on Alpha-Synuclein Fibrillation and Cytotoxicity","volume":"80","author":"Morshedi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s10930-020-09946-5","article-title":"Bioactive Phytocompounds: Anti-amyloidogenic Effects Against Hen Egg-White Lysozyme Aggregation","volume":"40","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Protein J."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Fu, C., and Zhang, X. (2021). The Neuroprotective Effect of Tea Polyphenols on the Regulation of Intestinal Flora. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26123692"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2021.1963207","article-title":"Coffee consumption, health benefits and side effects: A narrative review and update for dietitians and nutritionists","volume":"63","author":"Barrea","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27577","article-title":"The association between lifestyle factors and Parkinson\u2019s disease progression and mortality","volume":"34","author":"Paul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2800","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14216","article-title":"Association of coffee consumption and striatal volume in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and healthy controls","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Zhou, C., Guo, T., Jiaerken, Y., Yang, S., Xu, X., Hu, L., Huang, P., Xu, X., and Zhang, M. (2023). Current coffee consumption is associated with decreased striatal dopamine transporter availability in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients and healthy controls. BMC Med., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02994-5"},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13658","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13658","article-title":"Nicotinamide riboside and caffeine partially restore diminished NAD availability but not altered energy metabolism in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Ryu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26349","article-title":"Caffeine Consumption and Dementia: Are Lewy Bodies the Link?","volume":"91","author":"Cornelis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandes, L., Cardim-Pires, T.R., Foguel, D., and Palhano, F.L. (2021). Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-Gallate in Amyloid Aggregation and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front. Neurosci., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.718188"},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valverde-Salazar, V., Ruiz-Gabarre, D., and Garcia-Escudero, V. (2023). Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Green Tea: Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate as a Modulator of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12071460"},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Payne, A., Nahashon, S., Taka, E., Adinew, G.M., and Soliman, K.F.A. (2022). Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG): New Therapeutic Perspectives for Neuroprotection, Aging, and Neuroinflammation for the Modern Age. Biomolecules, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12030371"}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/29\/23\/5700\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:45:19Z","timestamp":1760114719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/29\/23\/5700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"references-count":195,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules29235700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules29235700","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]}}}