{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T18:10:36Z","timestamp":1774030236478,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":190,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]],"date-time":"2024-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State Plan for Scientific, Technical Research and Innovation 2021\u20132023 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","award":["PLEC2022-009507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PLEC2022-009507"]}]},{"name":"the COCREA innovation project of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)","award":["PLEC2022-009507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PLEC2022-009507"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) in the global drug market since the 2000s has posed major challenges for regulators and law enforcement agencies. Among these, synthetic cathinones have gained prominence due to their stimulant effects on the central nervous system, leading to widespread recreational use. These compounds, often marketed as alternatives to illicit stimulants such as amphetamines and cocaine, have been linked to numerous cases of intoxication, addiction and death. The structural diversity and enantiomeric forms of synthetic cathinones further complicate their detection and regulation and pose challenges to forensic toxicology. In addition to their psychoactive and toxicological effects, new research suggests that cathinones may have antimicrobial properties. Compounds derived from Catha edulis (khat), including cathinone, have shown antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, highlighting their potential role in the fight against antibiotic resistance. This article provides an overview of the chemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicological effects and potential antimicrobial applications of synthetic cathinones. The potential therapeutic use of cathinone-derived compounds to combat antimicrobial resistance represents an exciting new frontier in drug development, although further research is needed to balance these benefits with the psychoactive risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29245918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T12:09:28Z","timestamp":1734350968000},"page":"5918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["From Psychoactivity to Antimicrobial Agents: Multifaceted Applications of Synthetic Cathinones and Catha edulis Extracts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Celia Mar\u00eda Curieses","family":"Andr\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario of Valladolid, Avenida de Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4663-5565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"P\u00e9rez de la Lastra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrof\u00edsico Fco. S\u00e1nchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena Bustamante","family":"Munguira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario of Valladolid, Avenida de Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1583-7439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celia Andr\u00e9s","family":"Juan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Bel\u00e9n, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"P\u00e9rez-Lebe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valladolid University Foundation, Valladolid University, Paseo de Bel\u00e9n, 11, 47011 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1106","article-title":"Khat: Pharmacological and medical aspects and its social use in Yemen","volume":"16","author":"Baker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phytother. 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