{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:22:48Z","timestamp":1790608968086,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes","award":["PIB22-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIB22-3"]}]},{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes","award":["1091197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1091197"]}]},{"name":"CONAHCYT CVU","award":["PIB22-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIB22-3"]}]},{"name":"CONAHCYT CVU","award":["1091197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1091197"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Currently, a global health crisis is being caused by microbial resistance, in which Acinetobacter baumannii plays a crucial role, being considered the highest-priority microorganism by the World Health Organization (WHO) for discovering new antibiotics. As a result, phytochemicals have emerged as a potential alternative to combat resistant strains, since they can exert antimicrobial activity through various mechanisms and, at the same time, represent a more natural and safe option. This study analyzes the antimicrobial effects of guava leaf extract in ten clinical isolates of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii, using the agar diffusion technique and the microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Additionally, possible improvements in antimicrobial activity after the purification of polyphenolic compounds and potential synergy with the antibiotic gentamicin are examined in this research. Moreover, the effect of the plant extract in cell line A549 derived from lung tissue was also evaluated. The extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against all the strains studied, and the purification of polyphenols along with the combination with gentamicin improved the extract activity. The presence of the plant extract induced morphological changes in the lung cells after 24 h of exposure. Therefore, Psidium guajava L. leaf extract is a potential antimicrobial agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30010070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T13:37:51Z","timestamp":1735738671000},"page":"70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Guava Leaf Extract Exhibits Antimicrobial Activity in Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8293-2394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Gutierrez-Montiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0952-8544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alma L.","family":"Guerrero-Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1707-2441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flor Y.","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3504-0398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiola","family":"Galindo-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8892-1027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid G.","family":"Ornelas-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0932-5402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norma A.","family":"Ch\u00e1vez-Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Departamento Ingenier\u00eda Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9621-1977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus","family":"de O. Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada"},{"name":"Population Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0777-9243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Avelar-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Estudios Ambientales, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda y Farmacolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana C.","family":"Moreno-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2760-5733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erick","family":"Vazquez-Pedroza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfolog\u00eda, Centro de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7430-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Arreola-Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Nefrolog\u00eda, Hospital Centenario Miguel Hidalgo, Aguascalientes 20240, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-G\u00e1mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Nefrolog\u00eda, Hospital Centenario Miguel Hidalgo, Aguascalientes 20240, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agyepong, N., Fordjour, F., and Owusu-Ofori, A. 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