{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:18:39Z","timestamp":1787872719687,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Warsaw University of Technology","award":["1820\/83\/Z01\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1820\/83\/Z01\/2022"]}]},{"name":"University of Vienna","award":["1820\/83\/Z01\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1820\/83\/Z01\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cosmetically active compounds (CACs), both of lipophilic and hydrophilic origin, have difficulty reaching the deeper layers of the skin, and this shortcoming significantly reduces their efficacy. One such CAC that occurs naturally in the human body and displays many beneficial properties (via reducing fine lines and wrinkles, tightening skin, improving its elasticity, etc.) is the glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine tripeptide complex of copper (GHK\u2013Cu). GHK\u2013Cu is a fairly hydrophilic compound with limited permeation through the lipophilic stratum corneum. On the other hand, liposomes capable of encapsulating GHK\u2013Cu may improve its permeation potential. The present review discusses various issues related to obtaining insight into the permeation of CACs through the skin. Methods for studying the transport of CACs encapsulated by liposomes and free GHK\u2013Cu across the skin barrier are summarized. An analysis of the literature data reveals that the transport of liposomes containing GHK\u2013Cu received little attention. This research gap gives an impetus to the methodological developments for assessing the effect of liposomes on GHK\u2013Cu transportation and trafficking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30010136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T11:24:19Z","timestamp":1735730659000},"page":"136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Are We Ready to Measure Skin Permeation of Modern Antiaging GHK\u2013Cu Tripeptide Encapsulated in Liposomes?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Karolina","family":"Og\u00f3rek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2156-9392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinga","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Wadych","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9184-1849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Ruzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrei R.","family":"Timerbaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna; W\u00e4hringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5631-8163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Matczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"050","article-title":"Glycative stress and anti-aging: 7. 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