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In this study, the in vitro potential of malvidin and echioidinin is examined as antileishmanial agents against L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, and L. infantum, comparing their effects to amphotericin B (AmpB), a standard drug. Malvidin demonstrated greater potency than echioidinin across all parasite stages and species. Against L. amazonensis, malvidin\u2019s IC50 values were 197.71 \u00b1 17.20 \u00b5M (stationary amastigotes) and 258.07 \u00b1 17 \u00b5M (axenic amastigotes), compared to echioidinin\u2019s 272.99 \u00b1 29.90 \u03bcM and 335.96 \u00b1 19.35 \u03bcM. AmpB was more potent, with IC50 values of 0.06 \u00b1 0.01 \u00b5M and 0.10 \u00b1 0.03 \u00b5M. Malvidin exhibited lower cytotoxicity (CC50: 2920.31 \u00b1 80.29 \u00b5M) than AmpB (1.06 \u00b1 0.12 \u00b5M) and a favorable selectivity index. It reduced infection rates by 35.75% in L. amazonensis-infected macrophages. The in silico analysis revealed strong binding between malvidin and Leishmania arginase, with the residues HIS139 and PRO258 playing key roles. Gene expression analysis indicated malvidin\u2019s modulation of oxidative stress and DNA repair pathways, involving genes like GLO1 and APEX1. These findings suggest malvidin\u2019s potential as a safe, natural antileishmanial compound, warranting further in vivo studies to confirm its therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetics in animal models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30010173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T04:37:10Z","timestamp":1736138230000},"page":"173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Exploring the Potential of Malvidin and Echiodinin as Probable Antileishmanial Agents Through In Silico Analysis and In Vitro Efficacy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0308-1160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Daniel","family":"Goyzueta-Mamani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Biology and Chemistry Research Group, Vicerrectorado de Investigaci\u00f3n, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Santa Mar\u00eda, 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