{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:02:47Z","timestamp":1791313367587,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2022A1515220101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515220101"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["81873227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81873227"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515220101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515220101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81873227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81873227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cell non-targeted metabolomics technique was used to investigate the potential mechanism of Caly-cosin-7-O-\u03b2-d-glucoside (CAG) against cell oxygen\u2013glucose deprivation\/reperfusion (OGD\/R). The OGD\/R-injured HT22 cell model was constructed. The cells were divided into control, OGD\/R, Edaravone (EDA), CAG-L, CAG-M, and CAG-H groups. The protective effect of CAG on OGD\/R-injured nerve cells and its potential mechanism was investigated by detecting ROS levels, apoptosis rate, glutamic acid (Glu), \u03b3-aminobutyric acid (GABA), nitric oxide (NO), and combining with cell non-targeted metabolomics. The results showed that after OGD\/R, ROS levels, apoptosis rate, Glu and NO concentrations were significantly increased, while the concentrations of GABA were decreased considerably, which improved in a dose-dependent manner after CAG intervention. Cell non-targeted metabolomics results showed that CAG can dramatically improve the metabolomic characteristics of OGD\/R-injured HT22 cells. Through bioinformatics analysis and molecular docking, it was found that purine metabolism may be an important pathway for CAG to treat OGD\/R injury, and key proteins screened may be important targets for improving OGD\/R injury. Therefore, CAG may protect OGD\/R-injured HT22 cells by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress, improving energy supply and the metabolomic characteristics of OGD\/R-injured HT22 cells by regulating purine metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30030549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T09:42:23Z","timestamp":1737970943000},"page":"549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Study of the Protection Mechanism of Calycosin-7-O-\u03b2-d-Glucoside Against Oxygen\u2013Glucose Deprivation\/Reperfusion in HT22 Cells Based on Non-Targeted Metabolomics and Network Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Die","family":"Pei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanru","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qihui","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1397-3","article-title":"Socioeconomic Status and Stroke Incidence, Prevalence, Mortality, and Worldwide Burden: An Ecological Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"17","author":"Avan","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000833","article-title":"Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults","volume":"26","author":"Putaala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contin. 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