{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:39:57Z","timestamp":1787161197971,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":132,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Xanthohumol (XN), a bioactive plant flavonoid, is an antioxidant, and as such, it exhibits numerous beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidative effects. The main dietary source of XN is beer, where it is introduced through hops. Although the concentration of XN in beer is low, the large quantities of hop-related post-production waste present an opportunity to extract XN residues for technological or pharmaceutical purposes. The presented study focuses on the role of XN in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases, analyzing its effect at a molecular level and including its signal transduction and metabolism. The paper brings up XN\u2019s mechanism of action, potential effects, and experimental and clinical studies on Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Additionally, challenges and future research directions on XN, including its bioavailability, safety, and tolerance, have been discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30030694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T05:50:36Z","timestamp":1738734636000},"page":"694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of Xanthohumol in Prevention of Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5056-0829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"D\u0142ugosz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Food Industry Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2963-8991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u0142a\u017cej","family":"B\u0142aszak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Food Industry Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3474-5927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damian","family":"Czarnecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Nursing, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5479-6820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Szulc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Department of Food Industry Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"468","article-title":"Neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"7","year":"2015","journal-title":"Post\u0119py Nauk Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.030205","article-title":"Neurodegenerative Disease: Models, Mechanisms, and a New Hope","volume":"10","author":"Gitler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. 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