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Tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanin biosynthesis, is a crucial enzyme in melanin synthesis. However, existing tyrosinase inhibitors pose some degree of toxicity to humans. Therefore, the development of more efficient and low-toxicity tyrosinase inhibitors is urgently needed. This review briefly depicts the melanin biosynthesis process and the crystal structure and catalytic mechanism of tyrosinase. The latest research progress regarding small-molecule tyrosinase inhibitors is also reviewed. Moreover, the structure\u2013function relationships are analyzed and summarized. This is expected to provide new and more scientific insights to enable researchers to explore safer and more potent tyrosinase inhibitors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30040788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T11:08:51Z","timestamp":1739358531000},"page":"788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Small-Molecule Tyrosinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Hyperpigmentation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenchao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3511-5794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renren","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4312","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.9b01413","article-title":"Natural Eumelanin and Its Derivatives as Multifunctional Materials for Bioinspired Applications: A Review","volume":"20","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2006.00345.x","article-title":"The physical and chemical properties of eumelanin","volume":"19","author":"Meredith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slominski, R.M., Sarna, T., P\u0142onka, P.M., Raman, C., Bro\u017cyna, A.A., and Slominski, A.T. 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