{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T03:08:45Z","timestamp":1789096125257,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of Shanxi Province","award":["202202090301013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202202090301013"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of Shanxi Province","award":["21676176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21676176"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of Shanxi Province","award":["20210302123143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210302123143"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of Shanxi Province","award":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["202202090301013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202202090301013"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["21676176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21676176"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["20210302123143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210302123143"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","award":["202202090301013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202202090301013"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","award":["21676176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21676176"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","award":["20210302123143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210302123143"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","award":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Chengdu City","award":["202202090301013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202202090301013"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Chengdu City","award":["21676176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21676176"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Chengdu City","award":["20210302123143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210302123143"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Chengdu City","award":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-YF05-00766-SN"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The CuZnOAl2O3 catalyst shows excellent activity and selectivity in the reaction of CO2 hydrogenation to methanol as a consequence of its controllable physicochemical properties, which is expected to offer an efficient route to renewable energy. In this study, CuZnOAl2O3 catalysts are engineered by a special pretreatment, constructing a carbonate structure on the surface of the catalyst. Compared to the unmodified catalyst, the optimized catalyst (CZA-H-C1) not only exhibits an improved methanol selectivity of 62.5% (250 \u00b0C and 3 MPa) but also retains a minimal degree of deactivation of 9.57% over a 100 h period. By characterizing the catalysts with XRD, TEM, XPS and in situ DRIFTS spectroscopy, it was found that the surface carbonate species on Cu-based catalysts could significantly enhance the reaction and shield the active sites. This study offers theoretical insights and practical strategies for the rational design and optimization of high-performance heterogeneous catalysts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30061350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T04:34:43Z","timestamp":1742272483000},"page":"1350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Engineering CuZnOAl2O3 Catalyst for Enhancing CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Peixiang","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"},{"name":"College of Safety and Emergency Management, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongkang","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanchun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinghua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Safety and Emergency Management, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2024.06.138","article-title":"Overview of the latest progress and prospects in the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to methanol in membrane reactors","volume":"77","author":"Mohammed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. 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