{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T19:06:19Z","timestamp":1768676779291,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"IdEx Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","award":["ANR-18-IDEX-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-IDEX-0001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plant-based food supplements (FS) of doubtful traceability have now emerged as a new threat to human health. Food supplements adulterated with pharmaceutical ingredients are considered \u201cmedicines in disguise\u201d by regulatory authorities, which is a sub-category of falsified medicines. In the context of illegal manufacture and trade, as well as in the absence of an official phyto- and\/or pharmacovigilance system, emergency departments and poison control centers constitute a early warning system for detecting ingested suspect FS. In the present investigation, we set up efficient workflows for the systematic characterization of adulterated plant-based FS in the context of an original local early warning alert system (i.e., FalsiMedTrack) involving an emergency department, a poison center, and academic analytical chemistry laboratories. Fit-for-purpose cross-analytical methods were employed, including sophisticated methods such as liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray powder diffraction, as well as the most accessible and affordable HPLC method with UV\/DAD detection. The strategy was applied successfully to typical cases of suspect plant-based health products, i.e., sample incriminated in patients experiencing side effects and herbal products currently commercialized for their \u201camazing health benefits\u201d. The samples contained active pharmaceutical ingredients, including diclofenac, piroxicam, dexamethasone 21-acetate, and sibutramine. We provided evidence of \u201cmedicines in disguise\u201d presented as food supplements, which raises concerns about their quality and safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30061372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T06:10:53Z","timestamp":1742364653000},"page":"1372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cross-Analytical Strategies to Tackle \u201cMedicines in Disguise\u201d Presented as Food Supplements, a New Threat for Human Health"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4987-1889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Nzoughet Kouassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR de Pharmacie, Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS, Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Conception de Medicaments, UMR 8038, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chouaha","family":"Bouzidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR de Pharmacie, Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS, Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Conception de Medicaments, UMR 8038, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9atrice","family":"Nicolai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR de Pharmacie, Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS, Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Conception de Medicaments, UMR 8038, F-75006 Paris, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire SPMS, Centrale Supelec, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Plateau de Moulon 3 rue Joliot-Curie, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Ben Jamaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR de Pharmacie, Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS, Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Conception de Medicaments, UMR 8038, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annabelle","family":"Dugay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR de Pharmacie, Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS, Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Conception de Medicaments, UMR 8038, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Langrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Antipoison et de Toxicovigilance de Paris, H\u00f4pital Fernand-Widal APHP, Inserm UMR-S 1144, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Vodovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Antipoison et de Toxicovigilance de Paris, H\u00f4pital Fernand-Widal APHP, Inserm UMR-S 1144, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Houz\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Toxicologie, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re APHP, Inserm UMR-S 1144, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8291-3054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Labat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Toxicologie, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re APHP, Inserm UMR-S 1144, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2522-2764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"M\u00e9garbane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale et Toxicologique, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re APHP, Inserm UMR-S 1144, F-75010 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8822-9832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cinzia","family":"Bocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Institut MITOVASC, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Angers, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, F-49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0802-4608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal","family":"Reynier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Institut MITOVASC, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Angers, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, F-49000 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4418-0547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Guiblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire SPMS, Centrale Supelec, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Plateau de Moulon 3 rue Joliot-Curie, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3993-4041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvie","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR de Pharmacie, Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS, Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Conception de Medicaments, UMR 8038, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Cachet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR de Pharmacie, Facult\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, CNRS, Cibles Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Conception de Medicaments, UMR 8038, F-75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bercy Infos (2024, July 04). Compl\u00e9ments Alimentaires: Ce Qu\u2019il Faut Savoir, Available online: https:\/\/www.economie.gouv.fr\/particuliers\/complements-alimentaires#."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"EFSA (2024, July 04). Food Supplements. Available online: https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/en\/topics\/topic\/food-supplements."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"EU Commission (2024, September 18). Regulation (EC) No 178\/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 Laying Down the General Principles and Requirements of Food Law, Establishing the European Food Safety Authority and Laying down Procedures in Matters of Food Safety. Official Journal L 031, 01\/02\/2002 P. 0001-0024. Available online: http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2002\/178\/oj."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"PwC Analysis (2024, July 08). Vitamins & Dietary Supplements Market Trends Overview. Available online: https:\/\/www.pwc.com\/it\/it\/publications\/assets\/docs\/Vitamins-Dietary-Supplements-Market-Overview.pdf."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Mordor Intelligence (2024, July 08). Analyse de La Taille et de La Part Du March\u00e9 Des Compl\u00e9ments Alimentaires\u2014Tendances de Croissance et Pr\u00e9visions (2024\u20132029). Available online: https:\/\/www.mordorintelligence.com\/fr\/industry-reports\/dietary-supplement-market."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3001","article-title":"The Occurrence of Non-anatomical Therapeutic Chemical-international Nonproprietary Name Molecules in Suspected Illegal or Illegally Traded Health Products in Europe: A Retrospective and Prospective Study","volume":"13","author":"Deconinck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Test. Anal."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.2046","article-title":"Continued Risk of Dietary Supplements Adulterated With Approved and Unapproved Drugs: Assessment of the US Food and Drug Administration\u2019s Tainted Supplements Database 2007 Through 2021","volume":"62","author":"White","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"OMCL (2024, July 04). Market Surveillance of Suspected Illegal Products MSSIP004: Medicines in Disguise. Available online: https:\/\/www.edqm.eu\/documents\/52006\/71923\/study-report-on-medicines-in-disguise.pdf\/aa5b7892-4abf-f377-a367-726b4d1e4729?t=1628834896279."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Official Medicines Control Laboratories (2024, July 08). Market Surveillance of Suspected Illegal Products MSSIP001: Slimming Dietary Supplements. Available online: https:\/\/www.edqm.eu\/fr\/d\/140788."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amid\u017ei\u0107, M., Banovi\u0107 Fuentes, J., Banovi\u0107, J., and Torovi\u0107, L. (2023). Notifications and Health Consequences of Unauthorized Pharmaceuticals in Food Supplements. Pharmacy, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy11050154"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/46.8.707","article-title":"Simultaneous Determination of Sibutramine and N-Di-Desmethylsibutramine in Dietary Supplements for Weight Control by HPLC--ESI-MS","volume":"46","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1080\/19440041003705821","article-title":"Analysis of Adulterated Herbal Medicines and Dietary Supplements Marketed for Weight Loss by DOSY 1 H-NMR","volume":"27","author":"Vaysse","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Addit. Contam. Part A"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.08.028","article-title":"X-Ray Powder Diffractometry and Liquid Chromatography Studies of Sibutramine and Its Analogues Content in Herbal Dietary Supplements","volume":"56","author":"Maurin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.10.001","article-title":"Identification of a Novel Sildenafil Analogue in an Adulterated Herbal Supplement","volume":"59","author":"Vaysse","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2013.04.037","article-title":"Screening of Synthetic PDE-5 Inhibitors and Their Analogues as Adulterants: Analytical Techniques and Challenges","volume":"87","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.201901121","article-title":"Targeted and Nontargeted Screening and Identification of 50 Antihypertensive Adulterants in Dietary Supplements and Herbal Medicines Using Quadrupole\u2013Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry with Compound Database","volume":"43","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sep. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2010.486301","article-title":"Diclofenac: An Update on Its Mechanism of Action and Safety Profile","volume":"26","author":"Gan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.05.029","article-title":"Analytical Strategy for the Confirmatory Analysis of the Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Firocoxib, Propyphenazone, Ramifenazone and Piroxicam in Bovine Plasma by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry","volume":"56","author":"Dowling","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/29.2.95","article-title":"Multi-Residue Determination of Anti-Inflammatory Analgesics in Sera by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry","volume":"29","author":"Miksa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Anal. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.07.020","article-title":"LC\u2013MS\/MS Determination of Betamethasone and Its Phosphate and Acetate Esters in Human Plasma after Sample Stabilization","volume":"56","author":"Salem","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.112.046318","article-title":"Metabolic Pathways of Inhaled Glucocorticoids by the CYP3A Enzymes","volume":"41","author":"Moore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-4622(87)80065-0","article-title":"Structural and Dynamical Characterization of Piroxicam by 1H- and 13C-NMR Relaxation Studies","volume":"27","author":"Rossi","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biophys. Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348509157060","article-title":"The Clinical Pharmacology of Piroxicam","volume":"65","author":"Guttadauria","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazet, R., Garc\u00eda-Otero, X., Choisnard, L., Wouessidjewe, D., Verdoot, V., Bossard, F., D\u00edaz-Tom\u00e9, V., Blanc-Marquis, V., Otero-Espinar, F.-J., and Fernandez-Ferreiro, A. (2020). Biopharmaceutical Assessment of Dexamethasone Acetate-Based Hydrogels Combining Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrins and Polysaccharides for Ocular Delivery. Pharmaceutics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12080717"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.18103\/mra.v8i12.2267","article-title":"Dexamethasone Mechanism in Inflammatory Immune Mediated Disease and Its Application in Treating 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)","volume":"8","author":"Seo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Res. Arch."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"ANVISA (2024, September 18). Anvisa Determina Suspens\u00e3o de Castanha Da \u00cdndia 2016, Available online: https:\/\/antigo.anvisa.gov.br\/informacoes-tecnicas13?p_p_id=101_INSTANCE_R6VaZWsQDDzS&p_p_col_id=column-1&p_p_col_pos=1&p_p_col_count=2&_101_INSTANCE_R6VaZWsQDDzS_groupId=219201&_101_INSTANCE_R6VaZWsQDDzS_urlTitle=anvisa-determina-suspensao-de-castanha-da-india&_101_INSTANCE_R6VaZWsQDDzS_struts_action=%2Fasset_publisher%2Fview_content&_101_INSTANCE_R6VaZWsQDDzS_assetEntryId=427788&_101_INSTANCE_R6VaZWsQDDzS_type=content."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Ag\u00eancia Nacional de Vigil\u00e2ncia Sanit\u00e1ria\u2014Anvisa (2024, September 18). Anvisa Determina Suspens\u00e3o de Castanha Da \u00cdndia, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.br\/anvisa\/pt-br\/assuntos\/noticias-anvisa\/2016\/anvisa-determina-suspensao-de-castanha-da-india."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"ANVISA (2024, September 18). Registro ANVISA No 1057101380010\u2014CASTANHA DA \u00cdNDIA. Available online: https:\/\/www.smerp.com.br\/anvisa\/?ac=prodDetail&anvisaId=1057101380010."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003114","article-title":"Effect of Sibutramine on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Subjects","volume":"363","author":"James","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e183329","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.3329","article-title":"The FDA and Adulterated Supplements\u2014Dereliction of Duty","volume":"1","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"ANSES (2024, September 18). Compl\u00e9ments Alimentaires \u00e0 Base de Plantes: Vers Une Meilleure Information Des Consommateurs. Available online: https:\/\/www.anses.fr\/fr\/content\/complements-alimentaires-plantes-meilleure-information-des-consommateurs."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"ANSES (2024, September 18). Summary Table of EMA Medicinal Plants. Available online: https:\/\/www.anses.fr\/fr\/content\/tableau-recapitulatif-plantes-complements-alimentaires."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"DGCCRF (2024, July 04). Compl\u00e9ments Alimentaires\u2014Les Plantes, Available online: https:\/\/www.economie.gouv.fr\/dgccrf\/complements-alimentaires-plantes."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"LEGIFRANCE (2024, July 04). Arr\u00eat\u00e9 Du 24 Juin 2014 \u00c9tablissant La Liste Des Plantes, Autres Que Les Champignons, Autoris\u00e9es Dans Les Compl\u00e9ments Alimentaires et Les Conditions de Leur Emploi, Available online: https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/id\/JORFTEXT000029254516."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2017.10.006","article-title":"Use and Safety of Dietary and Herbal Supplements among Hospitalized Patients: What Have We Learned and What Can Be Learned?\u2014A Narrative Review","volume":"16","author":"Levy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e183337","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.3337","article-title":"Unapproved Pharmaceutical Ingredients Included in Dietary Supplements Associated With US Food and Drug Administration Warnings","volume":"1","author":"Tucker","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meng, Q., Buchanan, B., Zuccolo, J., Poulin, M.-M., Gabriele, J., and Baranowski, D.C. (2018). A Reliable and Validated LC-MS\/MS Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of 4 Cannabinoids in 40 Consumer Products. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196396"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1107\/S2056989020015108","article-title":"Crystal Structure of a New Hydrate Form of the NSAID Sodium Diclofenac","volume":"76","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E Crystallogr. Commun."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1021\/jm0612970","article-title":"Diclofenac Solubility: Independent Determination of the Intrinsic Solubility of Three Crystal Forms","volume":"50","author":"Burley","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889804002353","article-title":"Structure Determination of Diclofenac in a Diclofenac-Containing Chitosan Matrix Using Conventional X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data","volume":"37","author":"Muangsin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oyama, H., Miyamoto, T., Sekine, A., Nugrahani, I., and Uekusa, H. (2021). Solid-State Dehydration Mechanism of Diclofenac Sodium Salt Hydrates. Crystals, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cryst11040412"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2017.10.001","article-title":"New Polymorph Form of Dexamethasone Acetate","volume":"107","author":"Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/30\/6\/1372\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:56:18Z","timestamp":1760028978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/30\/6\/1372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules30061372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules30061372","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]}}}