{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:16:04Z","timestamp":1760058964226,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Province Key R&amp;D Program of Hunan","award":["2023GK2035","2025JJ70294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GK2035","2025JJ70294"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province in China","award":["2023GK2035","2025JJ70294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GK2035","2025JJ70294"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The exploration of high-performance, low-cost, and dual-function electrodes is crucial for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) to meet the relentless demand for green H2 production. In this study, a heteroatom-doped carbon-cage-supported CoSe2@MoSe2@NC catalyst with a formicarium structure has been fabricated using a scalable one-step selenization strategy. The component-refined bifunctional catalyst exhibited minimal overpotential values of 116 mV and 283 mV at 10 mA cm\u22122 in 1 M KOH for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Specifically, rationally designed heterostructures and flexible carbonaceous sponges facilitate interfacial reaction equalization, modulate local electronic distributions, and establish efficient electron transport pathways, thereby enhancing catalytic activity and durability. Furthermore, the assembled AEMWE based on the CoSe2@MoSe2@NC bifunctional catalysts can achieve a current density of 106 mA cm\u22122 at 1.9 V and maintain a favorable durability after running for 100 h (a retention of 95%). This work highlights a new insight into the development of advanced bifunctional catalysts with enhanced activity and durability for AEMWE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30102087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T06:47:15Z","timestamp":1746686835000},"page":"2087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Formicarium-Inspired Hierarchical Conductive Architecture for CoSe2@MoSe2 Catalysts Towards Advanced Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Zhongmin","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongkai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changjie","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangzhong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zizhang","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1041-5376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haolin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u2022HySA Technology (Hunan) Company Limited, Zhuzhou 412007, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongguang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u2022HySA Technology (Hunan) Company Limited, Zhuzhou 412007, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"132379","article-title":"Review\u2014Recent Advances in the Development of Porous Carbon-Based Electrocatalysts for Water-Splitting Reaction","volume":"169","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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