{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:38:17Z","timestamp":1788921497475,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Faculty under the Strategic Programme Excellence Initiative at Jagiellonian University","award":["U1C\/W42\/NO\/28.30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1C\/W42\/NO\/28.30"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Fabaceae family is known for the presence of isoflavones\u2014phytoestrogens with potential chemopreventive effects against hormone-dependent cancers. This study aimed to optimize isoflavones extraction using a fractional factorial design and to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze 32 Fabaceae species native to Polish flora by HPLC-UV-VIS to indicate new, rich plant sources of isoflavones. The optimal extraction method was a 60 min reflux with 50% methanol and a plant material-to-solvent ratio of 1:125. The highest isoflavone levels were found in Trifolium medium (26.70 mg\/g d.m.), Genista tinctoria (19.65 mg\/g d.m.), and Trifolium pratense (12.56 mg\/g d.m.). The obtained extracts were further evaluated for cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity against MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Genista tinctoria showed the highest cytotoxicity against MCF7, while Cytisus scoparius and Ononis arvensis were most effective against MDA-MB-231 at a dose of 500 \u00b5g\/mL. The extracts were also characterized by varied, potent antioxidant properties, important in chemoprevention. A strong correlation was observed between isoflavone content and cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity exclusively in the estrogen receptor-positive MCF7 cell line. Importantly, the tested extracts demonstrated no toxic effects on normal human liver (HepG2), thyroid (Nthy-ori 3-1), or breast (MCF10A) cells, indicating a favorable safety profile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30112379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T04:27:58Z","timestamp":1748579278000},"page":"2379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Quantitative Analysis of Isoflavones from Fabaceae Species and Their Chemopreventive Potential on Breast Cancer Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7397-366X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Pa\u017adziora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 \u0141azarza Str., 31-530 Cracow, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1426-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Grabowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5101-036X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Zagrodzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4821-4492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Pa\u015bko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7848-4787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewelina","family":"Prochownik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1251-7192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irma","family":"Podolak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5636-8646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Galanty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-017-2849-7","article-title":"Chemical composition of leguminous seeds: Part I\u2014Content of basic nutrients, amino acids, phytochemical compounds, and antioxidant activity","volume":"243","author":"Grela","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. 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