{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T22:45:42Z","timestamp":1789512342828,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ectoine is a substance produced by extremophiles and is naturally used by them as protection against adverse environmental conditions in which they live. Scientific contributions discuss its excellent effect through cosmotropic properties, prevention of secondary messenger release in cells, and transcription factors. The influence on the lipid layer of the cell membrane and its preventive effect as a UV filter were also demonstrated. What is more, its anti-oxidative effect was established. Ectoine works as an immunostimulant and also has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. These attributes are dominating factors in the use of ectoine\u2019s properties in skin fractionation treatment with a CO2 laser. In the following work, the influence of ectoine on skin parameters was described, focusing on redness, moisturization, and TEWL after the use of a CO2 laser (Za\u0142\u0119ska 2019). The rheological properties of preparations with ectoine addition were also tested. The yield point was determined, the viscosity changes of cosmetic preparations were measured with increasing shear rates, and oscillation tests were performed. With increasing percentages of ectoine and frequency of application, the occurrence of redness after CO2 therapy decreased. The highest moisture level values from 54.4 \u00d7 0.02 mg\/cm2 to 72.5 \u00d7 0.02 mg\/cm2 were obtained for preparation A applied twice a day; for the same preparation, a reduction in TEWL from 6.2 to 5.3 g\/(m2\u00b7h) was obtained. The results of the tests of cosmetic emulsions allowed us to conclude that the preparations in the analyzed shear rate range at all tested temperatures are non-Newtonian liquids that are shear-thinning and have a flow limit. The obtained results of the conducted research prove the positive effect of dermocosmetics with ectoine content in the process of skin healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30112470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T05:49:22Z","timestamp":1749102562000},"page":"2470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Influence of Ectoine on the Skin Parameters Damaged by a CO2 Laser"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9607-1345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Za\u0142\u0119ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Applied Sciences in Nowy Targ, 34-400 Nowy Targ, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4854-4376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urszula","family":"Goik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Machinery for Food Industry, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-149 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9289-8991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Goik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-864 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"Wilkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Applied Sciences in Nowy Targ, 34-400 Nowy Targ, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Za\u0142\u0119ska, I. 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