{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T16:54:22Z","timestamp":1774457662318,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNURSP2025R79"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2025R79"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Anthralin is known for its efficacy in treating psoriasis and acne, possessing poor solubility. Addressing these limitations, the present study endeavors to develop a microemulgel formulation of anthralin aimed at enhancing solubility. Method: The solubility study was performed in various solvents. An o\/w (oil-in-water) emulsion was formed using the water titration method, which was optimized by statistical experimental design half-run CCD. The final optimized batch was evaluated for physicochemical and in vitro properties Result: The final optimized batch showed a particle size (PS) of 417 nm, \u221225.2 mV zeta potential (ZP) and pH 5.8, which remained stable upon centrifugation, heating\u2013cooling and freeze\u2013thawing cycle. Furthermore, microemulsion with Carbopol 943 5% w\/v was selected as the gel base for the formation of microemulgel characterized by PS, ZP, pH, and viscosity of 230 nm, \u221250.6 mV, 6.9 and 14,200 cps, respectively, that ensured it a high enough stability. In silico molecular docking between ligand and protein provides the binding energies validating the interaction. Hence, the in silico study was performed for psoriasis and P. acne proteins. An in vitro antibacterial activity study on Propionibacterium revealed a significant efficiency of the formulation and MTT assay using L929 cell line in the presence of the drug-loaded microemulgel indicated an inhibition of growth proving that formulation has anti-psoriatic activity. Conclusions: Combination therapy with Clindamycin might improve efficacy while reducing antibiotic resistance risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30122629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T11:53:14Z","timestamp":1750161194000},"page":"2629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Optimization of Anthralin Microemulgel Targeted Delivery for Psoriasis and Acne"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Samiksha","family":"Sakarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Kothrud, Pune 411038, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2914-7420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swati","family":"Jagdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Kothrud, Pune 411038, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1848-6586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shrikant","family":"Dargude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Kothrud, Pune 411038, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2868-6652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anuruddha","family":"Chabukswar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Kothrud, Pune 411038, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1477-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shabana","family":"Urooj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anusha","family":"Bilal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4103-2434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanan Abdullah","family":"Mengash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-024-02846-z","article-title":"Global Burden and Future Trends in Psoriasis Epidemiology: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and Predictions to 2030","volume":"316","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1590","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1590","article-title":"National, Regional, and Worldwide Epidemiology of Psoriasis: Systematic Analysis and Modelling Study","volume":"369","author":"Parisi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borrego-Ruiz, A., and Borrego, J.J. (2024). Microbial Dysbiosis in the Skin Microbiome and Its Psychological Consequences. 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