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Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol), a widely used intravenous anesthetic, has emerged as a promising neuroprotective agent due to its potent anti-inflammatory properties. This review comprehensively explores the diverse cellular mechanisms by which propofol attenuates microglial activation and inflammation in ischemic stroke. By elucidating these molecular pathways, it underscores the therapeutic potential of propofol in mitigating ischemic brain injury and guiding future clinical interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30132795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T11:37:51Z","timestamp":1751283471000},"page":"2795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mechanisms of Action of Propofol in Modulating Microglial Activation in Ischemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7447-5007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pouria","family":"Abdolmohammadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B2H 0A3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5827-6622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bashir","family":"Bietar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B2H 0A3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3040-0238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B2H 0A3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6419-9168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B2H 0A3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan, Q., Yuan, Y., Zheng, Y., Sheng, R., Liu, L., Xie, F., and Tan, J. 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