{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T14:57:38Z","timestamp":1788188258644,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-137\/2025-03\/200146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-137\/2025-03\/200146"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200146"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["57704403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["57704403"]}]},{"name":"DAAD HAW EURABridge project","award":["451-03-137\/2025-03\/200146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-137\/2025-03\/200146"]}]},{"name":"DAAD HAW EURABridge project","award":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200146"]}]},{"name":"DAAD HAW EURABridge project","award":["57704403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["57704403"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A novel ruthenium(II) complex, [RuCl2(\u03b76-p-cymene)(bph-\u03baN)] (1), was synthesized and structurally characterized using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the proposed geometry and allowed for comparative analysis of experimental and theoretical spectroscopic data. The interaction of complex 1 with human serum albumin (HSA) and calf thymus DNA was investigated through fluorescence quenching experiments, revealing spontaneous binding driven primarily by hydrophobic interactions. The thermodynamic parameters indicated mixed quenching mechanisms in both protein and DNA systems. Ethidium bromide displacement assays and molecular docking simulations confirmed DNA intercalation as the dominant binding mode, with a Gibbs free binding energy of \u221234.1 kJ mol\u22121. Antioxidant activity, assessed by EPR spectroscopy, demonstrated effective scavenging of hydroxyl and ascorbyl radicals. In vitro cytotoxicity assays against A375, MDA-MB-231, MIA PaCa-2, and SW480 cancer cell lines revealed selective activity, with pancreatic and colorectal cells showing the highest sensitivity. QTAIM analysis provided insight into metal\u2013ligand bonding characteristics and intramolecular stabilization. These findings highlight the potential of 1 as a promising candidate for further development as an anticancer agent, particularly against multidrug-resistant tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30153088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T14:22:44Z","timestamp":1753280564000},"page":"3088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Synthesis, Characterization, HSA\/DNA Binding, and Cytotoxic Activity of [RuCl2(\u03b76-p-cymene)(bph-\u03baN)] Complex"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4089-0042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Perendija","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8127-5396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Du\u0161an","family":"Dimi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6302-1357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Eichhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1489-6373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Raki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4530-8706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciano","family":"Saso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology \u201cVittorio Erspamer\u201d, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0154-6430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0110ura","family":"Nakarada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragoslava","family":"\u0110iki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9015-8351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teodora","family":"Dragojevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4796-6251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmina","family":"Dimitri\u0107 Markovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5168-1000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goran N.","family":"Kalu\u0111erovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, D-06217 Merseburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catalano, A., Iacopetta, D., Ceramella, J., Scumaci, D., Giuzio, F., Saturnino, C., Aquaro, S., Rosano, C., and Sinicropi, M.S. 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