{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:36:51Z","timestamp":1789612611669,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"OPUS from the National Science Centre, Poland","award":["UMO-2020\/37\/B\/NZ7\/03975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMO-2020\/37\/B\/NZ7\/03975"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. (CI) is a lichen from the Parmeliaceaea family used in medicine. However, the low solubility of CI secondary metabolites in water limits the application of lichen extract and compounds. It prompted us to study the systems of cyclodextrins (CDs) (\u03b2-CD, \u03b3-CD, HP-\u03b2-CD, and HP-\u03b3-CD) with the CI acetone or CI methanol extracts prepared using grinding and solvent evaporation methods. The content of fumarprotocetraric acid (FPCA), a key CI metabolite, was quantified using HPLC. CD\u2013extract systems were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Biological activity was evaluated using cell-free assays: a Folin\u2013Ciocalteu analysis, DPPH test, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase inhibitions. Dissolution profiles were also assessed. The best biological and physicochemical results were obtained for systems prepared with HP-\u03b2-CD and HP-\u03b3-CD via solvent evaporation, showing higher activity and enhanced FPCA release compared to the pure extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the preparation and characterization of CD-based systems with CI extracts. The obtained results encourage us to continue our research on CI to improve the physicochemical properties of its active compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30153182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T16:16:10Z","timestamp":1753805770000},"page":"3182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cyclodextrin-Based Systems of Cetraria islandica Extracts: A Novel Approach to Improve Solubility and Biological Activity of Lichen-Derived Natural Products"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0462-1766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Studzi\u0144ska-Sroka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Cichoracka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4722-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Rosiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6792-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Miklaszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7528-5213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Szyma\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna\u0144, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 10 Str., 61-614 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0891-5419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judyta","family":"Cielecka-Piontek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Tolerability of Icelandic Moss Lozenges in Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases-Multicentric Drug Monitoring Study with 3143 Children","volume":"11","author":"Hecker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Forsch. 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