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To mitigate this issue, researchers have explored the synthesis of CL-20-based cocrystals with other energetic materials to achieve a balance between energy output and safety. Recent advancements in CL-20 cocrystals have focused on developing novel synthesis methods and leveraging computational design techniques to predict and optimize their physicochemical properties. However, the toxicity of CL-20 cocrystals, along with their environmental and health risks, remains a critical concern. This review systematically examines recent progress in CL-20 cocrystal energetic materials, emphasizing toxicity profiles and mechanistic insights into their components. The findings serve as a foundation for the development of safer energetic materials, thereby facilitating sustainable advancements in manufacturing technologies and industrial applications of CL-20.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30153234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T13:11:11Z","timestamp":1754313071000},"page":"3234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Toxic Effects of the Most Common Components of Energetic Co-Crystals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Xinying","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cunzhi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiang","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiachen","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, China"},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, NO. 12 Zhangbadong Road, Yanta District, Xi\u2019an 710065, 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