{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T16:09:10Z","timestamp":1792858150752,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Andalusia Regional Government","award":["1381643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1381643"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, biochars were produced by pyrolysis of exhausted olive pomace and evaluated as low-cost adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The biochar obtained at 400 \u00b0C for 1 h, which exhibited the best adsorption performance, was characterized by FTIR, N2 adsorption\u2013desorption isotherms, SEM-EDX, and proximate analysis, revealing a mesoporous structure with a relatively low specific surface area but enriched in surface functional groups, likely due to the partial degradation of lignocellulosic components. Adsorption experiments were conducted to optimize operational parameters such as solid particle size (2\u20133 mm), agitation speed (75 rpm), and bioadsorbent dosage (1 g per 0.05 L of MB solution), which allowed for dye removal efficiencies close to 100%. Kinetic studies showed that MB adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, while equilibrium data at 30 \u00b0C were best described by the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.999; SE = 4.25%), suggesting monolayer coverage and strong adsorbate\u2013adsorbent affinity. Desorption trials using water, ethanol, and their mixtures resulted in low MB recovery, whereas the addition of 10% acetic acid significantly improved desorption performance. Under optimal conditions, up to 52% of the retained dye was recovered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30153254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T13:11:11Z","timestamp":1754313071000},"page":"3254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Production of Bioadsorbents via Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Exhausted Olive Pomace for the Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Media"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7718-5475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Safae","family":"Chafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Science & Technology Campus of Linares, University of Ja\u00e9n, Avda. de la Universidad s\/n, 23700 Linares, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4160-2174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Cuevas-Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Science & Technology Campus of Linares, University of Ja\u00e9n, Avda. de la Universidad s\/n, 23700 Linares, Spain"},{"name":"Olive Grove and Olive Oils Research Institute, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8175-5269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00aa Lourdes","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Cartas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Science & Technology Campus of Linares, University of Ja\u00e9n, Avda. de la Universidad s\/n, 23700 Linares, Spain"},{"name":"Olive Grove and Olive Oils Research Institute, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1993-0227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olive Grove and Olive Oils Research Institute, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cartre.2025.100507","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review of Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Edible Fruit Seeds: A Case Study on Kinetics and Adsorption Models","volume":"20","author":"Mussa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Carbon Trends"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fito, J., Abewaa, M., Mengistu, A., Angassa, K., Ambaye, A.D., Moyo, W., and Nkambule, T. 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