{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T10:31:16Z","timestamp":1780396276577,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The chemical composition of leaf essential oil of the harmful invasive species Chromolaena odorata collected in Vietnam was analyzed by GC\/MS and chiral GC. All three essential oil samples (O1, O2 and O3) in this study fell into chemotype I characterized by \u03b1-pinene\/geigerene\/germacrene D\/(E)-\u03b2-caryophyllene from a total of six different chemotypes. Chemotype I demonstrated larvicidal effects against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), Aedes albopictus Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), Culex fuscocephala (Theobald, 1907) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say, 1823), with 24 h LC50 values ranging from 11.73 to 69.87 \u00b5g\/mL. In contrast, its microemulsion formulation exhibited enhanced toxicity, yielding 24 h LC50 values between 11.16 and 32.43 \u00b5g\/mL. This chemotype also showed repellent efficacy against Ae. aegypti, with protection times ranging from 70.75 to 122.7 min. Fumigant toxicity was observed against Aedes aegypti, with LC50 values of 40.27% at 0.5 h and 0.34% at 24 h. Molluscicidal activity was recorded with 48 h LC50 values between 3.82 and 54.38 \u00b5g\/mL against Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes, 1833), Pomacea canaliculate (Lamarck, 1822), Physa acuta (Draparnaud, 1805). Additionally, the chemotype exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 70.85 \u00b5g\/mL. Antimicrobial potential was also demonstrated, with MIC values ranging from 2.0 to 128.0 \u00b5g\/mL against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Candida albicans. The C. odorata essential oil can be considered as a potential bioresource for human health protection strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30173602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T12:07:32Z","timestamp":1756901252000},"page":"3602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King &amp; H.Rob. Essential Oils from Central Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0827-2986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hoa Van","family":"Vo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2950-1074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabodh","family":"Satyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuong Thanh","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Truc Thi-Thanh","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An Thi-Giang","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, College of Education, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 4300, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hien Thi","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Hydrometeorology and Water resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural Resources and Environment, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9554-9092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trung Thanh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Danang 550000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4762-741X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung Huy","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 5000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3639-0528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William N.","family":"Setzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adhikari, P., Lee, Y.H., Poudel, A., Hong, S.H., and Park, Y.S. 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