{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:45:45Z","timestamp":1760060745907,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo (ANID) under FONDECYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11200922"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11200922"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exposure to sunlight, whose main component is UV radiation (UVR), leads to various skin damage such as sunburns, premature aging, or more severe issues such as increased symptoms of autoimmune disease and skin cancer. Therefore, there is a growing interest in developing improved photoprotective agents that can protect skin from sunlight incidence and antioxidants that counteract the oxidative stress caused by it. Lichens are a source of such agents since they adapt to extreme environments including those with high UVR by biosynthesizing metabolites with those properties. In this study, brialmontin 2 (1), physciosporin (2), and pseudocyphellarin A (3) were isolated for the first time from the lichen Pseudocyphellaria berberina (G. Forst.) D. J. Galloway &amp; P. James, along with calycin (4) and 22-hydroxystictan-3-one (5). Their structural characterization was carried out by spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR). Sun protection factor (SPF) along with critical wavelength (\u03bbcrit), a UVA\/UVB ratio (UVA\/UVB-r) of one to five, and acetone extract (AE) were evaluated spectrophotometrically as a measure of their UVB and UVA photoprotective capacities, respectively. Additionally, their antioxidant activity was measured by scavenging DPPH free radicals (RSA). Compounds 2, 4, and AE showed \u201cmedium\u201d UVB photoprotective capacities (with SPFs between 15 and 30). Additionally, 4 and AE presented \u201cmaximum\u201d UVA photoprotective capacities (\u03bbcrit &gt; 370 nm and UVA\/UVB-r &gt; 0.8), whereas this activity was \u201cgood\u201d for 2 and 3 (\u03bbcrit 350 to 370 nm and UVA\/UVB-r 0.4 to 0.6), and \u201cmoderate\u201d for 1 (\u03bbcrit 335 to 350 nm and UVA\/UVB-r 0.2 to 0.4). All compounds and AE showed antioxidant activity, standing out were AE and 4 with activity comparable to the controls (ca. 95 and 81 RSA %, respectively, at 1000 ppm). AE and 4 are dual agents with photoprotective (UVB-UVA) and antioxidant capacities that could help prevent skin damage associated with sunlight. In silico assays suggest that 4 spontaneously diffuses into the stratum corneum with limited absorption through the skin. Additionally, 4 lacks potential toxicity to Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (showing viability ca. 70% at 100 ppm); therefore, it is a candidate for the development of sunscreen formulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30183833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T11:18:16Z","timestamp":1758539896000},"page":"3833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antioxidant and Photoprotective Capacity of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Pseudocyphellaria berberina"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Rubio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbario de L\u00edquenes, Escuela de Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"},{"name":"Mag\u00edster en Gesti\u00f3n Farmac\u00e9utica y Farmacia Asistencial, Escuela de Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javiera","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbario de L\u00edquenes, Escuela de Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5327-5508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 L.","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9218-8658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norma A.","family":"Valencia-Islas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de toxicolog\u00eda (LADETOX), Escuela de Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n de Productos Bioactivos (CInBIO), Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Qui\u00f1ones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbario de L\u00edquenes, Escuela de Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n de Productos Bioactivos (CInBIO), Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Valpara\u00edso 2340000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2024.107728","article-title":"The risk information and skin-cancer education for undergraduate prevention (RISE-UP) study: Protocol for a trial of personalized sun protection interventions for skin cancer prevention among undergraduate students","volume":"147","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Contemp. 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