{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T14:38:18Z","timestamp":1781879898982,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Governor of the Altai Territory","award":["30-2024-004229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30-2024-004229"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The composition of the lipophilic components of Centaurea scabiosa L. has been studied. The raw material was subjected to extraction with hexane and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) using both exhaustive and sequential schemes for a detailed characterization. The resulting extracts were fractionated into acidic and neutral components via treatment with alkali solutions. The acidic compounds were converted into methyl esters for subsequent gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, while the neutral unsaponifiable fractions were separated into groups of different polarities using column chromatography on silica gel. This approach enabled the identification of a complex profile of lipophilic substances. In the acidic fractions, aliphatic acids with chain lengths from C10 to C32, including unsaturated variants, were characterized. The neutral fractions revealed over compounds, encompassing n-alkanes, substantial levels of the unsaturated branched hydrocarbon squalene, and a diverse array of oxygenated terpenoids. The latter were mainly represented by highly active triterpene alcohols and ketones belonging to the ursane, oleanane, lupane, and cycloartane types. The sterol composition was dominated by \u03b2-sitosterol and accompanied by cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, stigmast-7-en-3-\u03b2-ol, fucosterol, and stigmastan-3-\u03b2-ol. Bioactivity screening demonstrated that several of the obtained lipophilic extracts, particularly those of lower polarity, exhibited high inhibitory activity against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, underscoring the potential of C. scabiosa as a valuable source of anti-coronavirus agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30234568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T11:50:13Z","timestamp":1764244213000},"page":"4568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lipophilic Substances of the Leaves and Inflorescences of Centaurea scabiosa L.: Their Composition and Activity Against the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Tatiana P.","family":"Kukina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan A.","family":"Elshin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9500-1713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria K.","family":"Marenina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8967-4719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evgeniia A.","family":"Kolosova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia"},{"name":"Research Institute of Biological Medicine Center for Recombinant Technologies, Altay State University, 656049 Barnaul, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5935-2540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yulia V.","family":"Meshkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ol\u2019ga I.","family":"Sal\u2019nikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3883-6335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetlana V.","family":"Belenkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-5647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina A.","family":"Volosnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5906-4223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhail V.","family":"Khvostov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8023-4453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry N.","family":"Shcherbakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia"},{"name":"Research Institute of Biological Medicine Center for Recombinant Technologies, Altay State University, 656049 Barnaul, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Keil, D.J., and Ochmann, J. 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