{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:53:12Z","timestamp":1792011192238,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["2017M8R7N9_002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017M8R7N9_002"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["PRIN2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIN2022"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014Next Generation","award":["EU_2022W97H54_003-CUP"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EU_2022W97H54_003-CUP"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014Next Generation","award":["J53D23001200006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J53D23001200006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Among the metal-derived complexes, recently, tin derivatives have been investigated as promising anti-cancer drug candidates. Our previous study showed that the tin-based compound Bu3SnOCOCF3 (TBT) exerts cytotoxic activity on solid tumor cell lines. In the present study, the effects of TBT were evaluated in vitro on HTLV-1-infected human lymphocytic cell lines at different stages of viral transformation, consisting of IL-2-dependent (PB2\/IL-2) and IL-2-independent (PB2\/NO-IL-2) cells, generated in our laboratory by HTLV-1 in vitro infection of lymphocytes from the same donor, and the C91\/PL cell line established by co-cultivation with T cells from a patient with HTLV-1-positive leukemia. TBT induced a reliable and reproducible dose-dependent inhibition of metabolic activity and viability in the HTLV-1-infected cells. The effect was cell-type-dependent, with C91\/PL cells being quite resistant. An investigation into the cytotoxic effects induced by TBT in HTLV-1-infected cells and data on caspase inhibitors\/caspase activation indicated that apoptotic cell death was involved, but also that the possible involvement of other forms of cell death could not be excluded. Taken together, the results show for the first time that the tin-based compound, although not devoid of a certain cytotoxicity toward uninfected cells, can induce typical and potent effects on HTLV-1-infected cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31020349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T08:36:33Z","timestamp":1768898193000},"page":"349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cytotoxic Effects of a Triorganotin Derivative on HTLV-1-Infected Cells at Different Immortalization\/Transformation Stages In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0516-5683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Stefanizzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4784-4297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Minutolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8359-3178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evariste","family":"Molimbou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Balestrieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6005-5941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franca M.","family":"Cordero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry \u201cUgo Schiff\u201d, University of Florence, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8457-4591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Mosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0338-6450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Mastino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0878-1799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Macchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6058-1092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Matteucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1028-3203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandro","family":"Grelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cTor Vergata\u201d, I-00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7898-583X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Marino-Merlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2013.2279","article-title":"Correlation of adverse effects of cisplatin administration in patients affected by solid tumours: A retrospective evaluation","volume":"29","author":"Astolfi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncol. 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