{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T16:04:15Z","timestamp":1788537855747,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001134","name":"Australia\u2013India Strategic Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AIRXII000200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AIRXII000200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001134","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Auranofin, a gold(I)-based compound initially developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, has emerged as a promising anticancer agent with a multimodal mechanism of action. This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic potential of auranofin in oncology focusing on its ability to synergize with conventional and emerging cancer treatments. Here, we discuss the unique pharmacological properties of auranofin, including thioredoxin reductase inhibition, reactive oxygen species induction, and modulation of key apoptotic pathways. Moreover, this article highlights new recent evidence on its ability to synergize with other cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of auranofin in overcoming drug resistance and its potential as an adjuvant in precision medicine. By analyzing both preclinical and clinical data, this review provides critical insights into the repositioning of auranofin as a versatile component in contemporary cancer treatment paradigms, while addressing current challenges and future directions for gold-based therapeutics in oncology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31030571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T16:32:59Z","timestamp":1770395579000},"page":"571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Auranofin Combination Therapy: A New Frontier in Cancer Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Diana Laura","family":"Guzman-Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Accelerator for Translational Research in Clinical Trials (ATRACT) Centre, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2806-4300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srinivasa Reddy","family":"Telukutla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Accelerator for Translational Research in Clinical Trials (ATRACT) Centre, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1975-1686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruchika","family":"Ojha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh K.","family":"Bhargava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6889-3667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Plebanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Accelerator for Translational Research in Clinical Trials (ATRACT) Centre, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA-Cancer J. 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