{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T03:12:59Z","timestamp":1789269179657,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["I63C22000350007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I63C22000350007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The valorization of agro-industrial by-products represents a key strategy for promoting sustainable resource use and recovering high-value bioactive compounds. This study investigated the extraction of carotenoids from processing residues of Capsicum annuum L. cv Senise, a sweet pepper with Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) status, using supercritical CO2 extraction (SC-CO2). Experiments were conducted under nine pressure\u2013temperature combinations (250\u2013450 bar; 40\u201360 \u00b0C) for 60 min, and the results were compared with those obtained by conventional solvent extraction. The extraction yield ranged from 21.5 to 23.5 g\/kgDW, with the highest total carotenoid content (386 mg\/kgDW) achieved at 450 bar and 60 \u00b0C (SFE9), corresponding to a 70.2% recovery relative to the solvent method. HPLC analysis identified capsanthin (5.88 mg\/g) as the predominant carotenoid in this extract, followed by zeaxanthin (2.16 mg\/g), lutein (0.71 mg\/g), \u03b2-cryptoxanthin (0.70 mg\/g), \u03b2-carotene (0.58 mg\/g) and capsorubin (0.38 mg\/g). Overall, the results demonstrate that the green extraction of Senise pepper waste offers a sustainable approach to obtaining valuable natural pigments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules31040715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T11:44:27Z","timestamp":1771501467000},"page":"715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Senise Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Wastes as Source of Rich Capsanthin Extracts by Supercritical CO2 Extraction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6136-5554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Larocca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Sustainability, ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, 75026 Rotondella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2640-050X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Trupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Sustainability, ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, 75026 Rotondella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Sustainability, ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, 75026 Rotondella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8487-9723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Ambrico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Sustainability, ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, 75026 Rotondella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5419-6254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosaria Alessandra","family":"Magarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Sustainability, ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, 75026 Rotondella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2694-5999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Molino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Sustainability, ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Portici Research Center, Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mipaaf (2020). 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